Volcanic Eruption of Cumbre Vieja, La Palma, Spain: A First Insight to the Particulate Matter Injected in the Troposphere
The volcanic eruption of Cumbre Vieja (La Palma Island, Spain), started on 19 September 2021 and was declared terminated on 25 December 2021. A complete set of aerosol measurements were deployed around the volcano within the first month of the eruptive activity. This paper describes the results of t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2470 |
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| author | Michaël Sicard Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero Africa Barreto Ellsworth J. Welton Cristina Gil-Díaz Clara V. Carvajal-Pérez Adolfo Comerón Omaira García Rosa García María-Ángeles López-Cayuela Constantino Muñoz-Porcar Natalia Prats Ramón Ramos Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez Carlos Toledano Carlos Torres |
| author_facet | Michaël Sicard Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero Africa Barreto Ellsworth J. Welton Cristina Gil-Díaz Clara V. Carvajal-Pérez Adolfo Comerón Omaira García Rosa García María-Ángeles López-Cayuela Constantino Muñoz-Porcar Natalia Prats Ramón Ramos Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez Carlos Toledano Carlos Torres |
| author_sort | Michaël Sicard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The volcanic eruption of Cumbre Vieja (La Palma Island, Spain), started on 19 September 2021 and was declared terminated on 25 December 2021. A complete set of aerosol measurements were deployed around the volcano within the first month of the eruptive activity. This paper describes the results of the observations made at Tazacorte on the west bank of the island where a polarized micro-pulse lidar was deployed. The analyzed two-and-a-half months (16 October–31 December) reveal that the peak height of the lowermost and strongest volcanic plume did not exceed 3 km (the mean of the hourly values is 1.43 ± 0.45 km over the whole period) and was highly variable. The peak height of the lowermost volcanic plume steadily increased until week 11 after the eruption started (and 3 weeks before its end) and started decreasing afterward. The ash mass concentration was assessed with a method based on the polarization capability of the instrument. Two days with a high ash load were selected: The ash backscatter coefficient, aerosol optical depth, and the volume and particle depolarization ratios were, respectively, 3.6 (2.4) Mm<sup>−1</sup>sr<sup>−1</sup>, 0.52 (0.19), 0.13 (0.07) and 0.23 (0.13) on 18 October (15 November). Considering the limitation of current remote sensing techniques to detect large-to-giant particles, the ash mass concentration on the day with the highest ash load (18 October) was estimated to have peaked in the range of 800–3200 μg m<sup>−3</sup> in the lowermost layer below 2.5 km. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:56:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ffda346fb61b48b5a85f421a4621e56b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:56:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-ffda346fb61b48b5a85f421a4621e56b2023-11-23T12:56:46ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-05-011410247010.3390/rs14102470Volcanic Eruption of Cumbre Vieja, La Palma, Spain: A First Insight to the Particulate Matter Injected in the TroposphereMichaël Sicard0Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero1Africa Barreto2Ellsworth J. Welton3Cristina Gil-Díaz4Clara V. Carvajal-Pérez5Adolfo Comerón6Omaira García7Rosa García8María-Ángeles López-Cayuela9Constantino Muñoz-Porcar10Natalia Prats11Ramón Ramos12Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez13Carlos Toledano14Carlos Torres15CommSensLab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, SpainAtmospheric Research and Instrumentation Branch, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), 28850 Torrejon de Ardoz, SpainIzaña Atmospheric Research Center, State Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET), 38001 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainCode 612, Goddard Space Flight Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USACommSensLab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, SpainAtmospheric Research and Instrumentation Branch, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), 28850 Torrejon de Ardoz, SpainCommSensLab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, SpainIzaña Atmospheric Research Center, State Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET), 38001 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainTRAGSATEC, 28006 Madrid, SpainAtmospheric Research and Instrumentation Branch, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), 28850 Torrejon de Ardoz, SpainCommSensLab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, SpainIzaña Atmospheric Research Center, State Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET), 38001 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainIzaña Atmospheric Research Center, State Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET), 38001 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainCommSensLab, Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, SpainGroup of Atmospheric Optics, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, SpainIzaña Atmospheric Research Center, State Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET), 38001 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, SpainThe volcanic eruption of Cumbre Vieja (La Palma Island, Spain), started on 19 September 2021 and was declared terminated on 25 December 2021. A complete set of aerosol measurements were deployed around the volcano within the first month of the eruptive activity. This paper describes the results of the observations made at Tazacorte on the west bank of the island where a polarized micro-pulse lidar was deployed. The analyzed two-and-a-half months (16 October–31 December) reveal that the peak height of the lowermost and strongest volcanic plume did not exceed 3 km (the mean of the hourly values is 1.43 ± 0.45 km over the whole period) and was highly variable. The peak height of the lowermost volcanic plume steadily increased until week 11 after the eruption started (and 3 weeks before its end) and started decreasing afterward. The ash mass concentration was assessed with a method based on the polarization capability of the instrument. Two days with a high ash load were selected: The ash backscatter coefficient, aerosol optical depth, and the volume and particle depolarization ratios were, respectively, 3.6 (2.4) Mm<sup>−1</sup>sr<sup>−1</sup>, 0.52 (0.19), 0.13 (0.07) and 0.23 (0.13) on 18 October (15 November). Considering the limitation of current remote sensing techniques to detect large-to-giant particles, the ash mass concentration on the day with the highest ash load (18 October) was estimated to have peaked in the range of 800–3200 μg m<sup>−3</sup> in the lowermost layer below 2.5 km.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2470Cumbre Viejavolcanoeruptionfresh ash particlesremote sensing |
| spellingShingle | Michaël Sicard Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero Africa Barreto Ellsworth J. Welton Cristina Gil-Díaz Clara V. Carvajal-Pérez Adolfo Comerón Omaira García Rosa García María-Ángeles López-Cayuela Constantino Muñoz-Porcar Natalia Prats Ramón Ramos Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez Carlos Toledano Carlos Torres Volcanic Eruption of Cumbre Vieja, La Palma, Spain: A First Insight to the Particulate Matter Injected in the Troposphere Remote Sensing Cumbre Vieja volcano eruption fresh ash particles remote sensing |
| title | Volcanic Eruption of Cumbre Vieja, La Palma, Spain: A First Insight to the Particulate Matter Injected in the Troposphere |
| title_full | Volcanic Eruption of Cumbre Vieja, La Palma, Spain: A First Insight to the Particulate Matter Injected in the Troposphere |
| title_fullStr | Volcanic Eruption of Cumbre Vieja, La Palma, Spain: A First Insight to the Particulate Matter Injected in the Troposphere |
| title_full_unstemmed | Volcanic Eruption of Cumbre Vieja, La Palma, Spain: A First Insight to the Particulate Matter Injected in the Troposphere |
| title_short | Volcanic Eruption of Cumbre Vieja, La Palma, Spain: A First Insight to the Particulate Matter Injected in the Troposphere |
| title_sort | volcanic eruption of cumbre vieja la palma spain a first insight to the particulate matter injected in the troposphere |
| topic | Cumbre Vieja volcano eruption fresh ash particles remote sensing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/10/2470 |
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