First description of betalains biosynthesis in an aquatic organism: characterization of 4,5‐DOPA‐extradiol‐dioxygenase activity in the cyanobacteria Anabaena cylindrica
Summary The biosynthesis of betalamic acid, the structural unit of pigments betalains, is performed by enzymes with 4,5‐DOPA‐extradiol‐dioxygenase activity. These enzymes were believed to be limited to plants of the order Caryophyllales and to some fungi. However, the discovery of Gluconacetobacter...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Microbial Biotechnology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.13641 |
| _version_ | 1818009270947414016 |
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| author | María Alejandra Guerrero‐Rubio Francisco García‐Carmona Fernando Gandía‐Herrero |
| author_facet | María Alejandra Guerrero‐Rubio Francisco García‐Carmona Fernando Gandía‐Herrero |
| author_sort | María Alejandra Guerrero‐Rubio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Summary The biosynthesis of betalamic acid, the structural unit of pigments betalains, is performed by enzymes with 4,5‐DOPA‐extradiol‐dioxygenase activity. These enzymes were believed to be limited to plants of the order Caryophyllales and to some fungi. However, the discovery of Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus as the first betalain‐forming bacterium opened a new field in the search for novel biological systems able to produce betalains. This paper describes molecular and functional characterization of a novel dioxygenase enzyme from the aquatic cyanobacterium Anabaena cylindrica. The enzyme was found to be a homodimer of a polypeptide of 17.8 kDa that, opposite to previous related enzymes, showed a strong inhibition by excess of the precursor L‐DOPA. However, its heterologous expression has allowed detecting the formation of the main compounds in the biosynthetic pathway of betalains. In addition, phylogenetic analysis has shown that this enzyme is not close related to enzymes from plants, fungi or proteobacteria such as G. diazotrophicus. The presence of enzymes that produce these health‐promoting compounds is more diverse than expected. The discovery of this novel dioxygenase in the phylum cyanobacteria expands the presence of betalamic acid‐forming enzymes in organisms of different nature with no apparent relationship among them. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T05:40:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ffdc782afe3e47a6b6f684f14218351c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1751-7915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T05:40:48Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbial Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ffdc782afe3e47a6b6f684f14218351c2022-12-22T02:09:29ZengWileyMicrobial Biotechnology1751-79152020-11-011361948195910.1111/1751-7915.13641First description of betalains biosynthesis in an aquatic organism: characterization of 4,5‐DOPA‐extradiol‐dioxygenase activity in the cyanobacteria Anabaena cylindricaMaría Alejandra Guerrero‐Rubio0Francisco García‐Carmona1Fernando Gandía‐Herrero2Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A Unidad Docente de Biología Facultad de Veterinaria Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’ Murcia SpainDepartamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A Unidad Docente de Biología Facultad de Veterinaria Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’ Murcia SpainDepartamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A Unidad Docente de Biología Facultad de Veterinaria Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’ Murcia SpainSummary The biosynthesis of betalamic acid, the structural unit of pigments betalains, is performed by enzymes with 4,5‐DOPA‐extradiol‐dioxygenase activity. These enzymes were believed to be limited to plants of the order Caryophyllales and to some fungi. However, the discovery of Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus as the first betalain‐forming bacterium opened a new field in the search for novel biological systems able to produce betalains. This paper describes molecular and functional characterization of a novel dioxygenase enzyme from the aquatic cyanobacterium Anabaena cylindrica. The enzyme was found to be a homodimer of a polypeptide of 17.8 kDa that, opposite to previous related enzymes, showed a strong inhibition by excess of the precursor L‐DOPA. However, its heterologous expression has allowed detecting the formation of the main compounds in the biosynthetic pathway of betalains. In addition, phylogenetic analysis has shown that this enzyme is not close related to enzymes from plants, fungi or proteobacteria such as G. diazotrophicus. The presence of enzymes that produce these health‐promoting compounds is more diverse than expected. The discovery of this novel dioxygenase in the phylum cyanobacteria expands the presence of betalamic acid‐forming enzymes in organisms of different nature with no apparent relationship among them.https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.13641 |
| spellingShingle | María Alejandra Guerrero‐Rubio Francisco García‐Carmona Fernando Gandía‐Herrero First description of betalains biosynthesis in an aquatic organism: characterization of 4,5‐DOPA‐extradiol‐dioxygenase activity in the cyanobacteria Anabaena cylindrica Microbial Biotechnology |
| title | First description of betalains biosynthesis in an aquatic organism: characterization of 4,5‐DOPA‐extradiol‐dioxygenase activity in the cyanobacteria Anabaena cylindrica |
| title_full | First description of betalains biosynthesis in an aquatic organism: characterization of 4,5‐DOPA‐extradiol‐dioxygenase activity in the cyanobacteria Anabaena cylindrica |
| title_fullStr | First description of betalains biosynthesis in an aquatic organism: characterization of 4,5‐DOPA‐extradiol‐dioxygenase activity in the cyanobacteria Anabaena cylindrica |
| title_full_unstemmed | First description of betalains biosynthesis in an aquatic organism: characterization of 4,5‐DOPA‐extradiol‐dioxygenase activity in the cyanobacteria Anabaena cylindrica |
| title_short | First description of betalains biosynthesis in an aquatic organism: characterization of 4,5‐DOPA‐extradiol‐dioxygenase activity in the cyanobacteria Anabaena cylindrica |
| title_sort | first description of betalains biosynthesis in an aquatic organism characterization of 4 5 dopa extradiol dioxygenase activity in the cyanobacteria anabaena cylindrica |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.13641 |
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