Characterizing Oxide Inclusions in Welded Lean Duplex Stainless Steels and Their Influence on Impact Toughness
In newly developed 2101 lean duplex stainless steel, oxide inclusions have been detected on welded metal zones after subjecting them to flux-cored arc welding with an E2209T1-1 flux-cored filler metal. These oxide inclusions directly affect mechanical properties of the welded metal. Hence, a correla...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/5/1921 |
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| author | Suphitcha Moonngam Pranpreeya Wangjina Ekkarut Viyanit Chaiyasit Banjongprasert |
| author_facet | Suphitcha Moonngam Pranpreeya Wangjina Ekkarut Viyanit Chaiyasit Banjongprasert |
| author_sort | Suphitcha Moonngam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In newly developed 2101 lean duplex stainless steel, oxide inclusions have been detected on welded metal zones after subjecting them to flux-cored arc welding with an E2209T1-1 flux-cored filler metal. These oxide inclusions directly affect mechanical properties of the welded metal. Hence, a correlation requiring validation has been proposed between oxide inclusions and mechanical impact toughness. Accordingly, this study employed scanning electron and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy to assess the correlation between oxide inclusions and mechanical impact toughness. Investigations revealed that the spherical oxide inclusions comprised a mixture of oxides in the ferrite matrix phase and were close to intragranular austenite. The oxide inclusions observed were titanium- and silicon-rich oxides with amorphous structures, MnO with a cubic structure, and TiO<sub>2</sub> with an orthorhombic/tetragonal structure, derived from the deoxidation of the filler metal/consumable electrodes. We also observed that the type of oxide inclusions had no strong effect on absorbed energy and no crack initiation occurred near them. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:20:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ffe8a3d9bca3410ca4c042ff9d727f4d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:20:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-ffe8a3d9bca3410ca4c042ff9d727f4d2023-11-17T08:04:44ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-02-01165192110.3390/ma16051921Characterizing Oxide Inclusions in Welded Lean Duplex Stainless Steels and Their Influence on Impact ToughnessSuphitcha Moonngam0Pranpreeya Wangjina1Ekkarut Viyanit2Chaiyasit Banjongprasert3Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiangmai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiangmai 50200, ThailandNational Science and Technology Development Agency, 114 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, ThailandDepartment of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Kaew Road, Chiangmai 50200, ThailandIn newly developed 2101 lean duplex stainless steel, oxide inclusions have been detected on welded metal zones after subjecting them to flux-cored arc welding with an E2209T1-1 flux-cored filler metal. These oxide inclusions directly affect mechanical properties of the welded metal. Hence, a correlation requiring validation has been proposed between oxide inclusions and mechanical impact toughness. Accordingly, this study employed scanning electron and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy to assess the correlation between oxide inclusions and mechanical impact toughness. Investigations revealed that the spherical oxide inclusions comprised a mixture of oxides in the ferrite matrix phase and were close to intragranular austenite. The oxide inclusions observed were titanium- and silicon-rich oxides with amorphous structures, MnO with a cubic structure, and TiO<sub>2</sub> with an orthorhombic/tetragonal structure, derived from the deoxidation of the filler metal/consumable electrodes. We also observed that the type of oxide inclusions had no strong effect on absorbed energy and no crack initiation occurred near them.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/5/1921lean duplex stainless steeloxide inclusionsflux-cored arc weldingimpact testing |
| spellingShingle | Suphitcha Moonngam Pranpreeya Wangjina Ekkarut Viyanit Chaiyasit Banjongprasert Characterizing Oxide Inclusions in Welded Lean Duplex Stainless Steels and Their Influence on Impact Toughness Materials lean duplex stainless steel oxide inclusions flux-cored arc welding impact testing |
| title | Characterizing Oxide Inclusions in Welded Lean Duplex Stainless Steels and Their Influence on Impact Toughness |
| title_full | Characterizing Oxide Inclusions in Welded Lean Duplex Stainless Steels and Their Influence on Impact Toughness |
| title_fullStr | Characterizing Oxide Inclusions in Welded Lean Duplex Stainless Steels and Their Influence on Impact Toughness |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterizing Oxide Inclusions in Welded Lean Duplex Stainless Steels and Their Influence on Impact Toughness |
| title_short | Characterizing Oxide Inclusions in Welded Lean Duplex Stainless Steels and Their Influence on Impact Toughness |
| title_sort | characterizing oxide inclusions in welded lean duplex stainless steels and their influence on impact toughness |
| topic | lean duplex stainless steel oxide inclusions flux-cored arc welding impact testing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/5/1921 |
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