The CSRNP Gene Family Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
The cysteine-serine-rich nuclear protein (CSRNP) family has prognostic value for various cancers. However, the association between this proteins and prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of the CSRNP family for patien...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.620126/full |
| _version_ | 1818664016517529600 |
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| author | Huaru Zhang Huaru Zhang Xiaofu Qiu Xiaofu Qiu Guosheng Yang Guosheng Yang Guosheng Yang |
| author_facet | Huaru Zhang Huaru Zhang Xiaofu Qiu Xiaofu Qiu Guosheng Yang Guosheng Yang Guosheng Yang |
| author_sort | Huaru Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The cysteine-serine-rich nuclear protein (CSRNP) family has prognostic value for various cancers. However, the association between this proteins and prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of the CSRNP family for patients with ccRCC. Therefore, the gene expression profiling interactive analysis database was used to analyze the mRNA expression of CSRNP family members (CSRNPs) in relation with survival. Combined and independent prognostic values of CSRNPs were evaluated using SurvExpress and multivariate Cox regression analyses, respectively. Potential signaling pathways impacted by CSRNPs were evaluated using Metascape. Associations between the CSRNP family and immunocyte infiltration were determined from single-sample gene set enrichment analysis. Both cBioPortal and MethSurv were used to explore whether genomic and epidemic alterations might influence prognosis. We found that when both CSRNP1 and CSRNP3 had a low expression, patients with ccRCC had a worse overall survival (OS). Therefore, a prognostic signature was constructed as follows: risk score = −0.224 × expmRNA ofCSRNP1 + 0.820 × expmRNA ofCSRNP2 − 1.428 × expmRNA ofCSRNP3. We found that OS was worse in patients from the high- than from the low-risk groups (AUC = 0.69). Moreover, this signature was an independent predictor after adjusting for clinical features. Functional enrichment analysis positively associated CSRNPs with the acute inflammatory response and humoral immune response pathways. This was validated by correlating each CSRNP with 28 types of immunocytes in tumor and normal tissues. A higher expression of CSRNP1 and CSRNP3 was associated with a better prognosis in both the high- and low-mutant burden groups. Cg19538674, cg07772537, and cg07811002 of CSRNP1, CSRNP2, and CSRNP3, respectively, were the predominant DNA methylation sites affecting OS. The CSRNP gene family signature may serve as a prognostic biomarker for predicting OS in patients with ccRCC. The association between CSRNPs and immune infiltration might offer future clinical treatment options. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:26:02Z |
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| id | doaj.art-fff2e6be1c374a73b580af4c6ae24418 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:26:02Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-fff2e6be1c374a73b580af4c6ae244182022-12-21T22:01:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2021-03-011110.3389/fonc.2021.620126620126The CSRNP Gene Family Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker in Clear Cell Renal Cell CarcinomaHuaru Zhang0Huaru Zhang1Xiaofu Qiu2Xiaofu Qiu3Guosheng Yang4Guosheng Yang5Guosheng Yang6The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, ChinaThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, ChinaThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaThe cysteine-serine-rich nuclear protein (CSRNP) family has prognostic value for various cancers. However, the association between this proteins and prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of the CSRNP family for patients with ccRCC. Therefore, the gene expression profiling interactive analysis database was used to analyze the mRNA expression of CSRNP family members (CSRNPs) in relation with survival. Combined and independent prognostic values of CSRNPs were evaluated using SurvExpress and multivariate Cox regression analyses, respectively. Potential signaling pathways impacted by CSRNPs were evaluated using Metascape. Associations between the CSRNP family and immunocyte infiltration were determined from single-sample gene set enrichment analysis. Both cBioPortal and MethSurv were used to explore whether genomic and epidemic alterations might influence prognosis. We found that when both CSRNP1 and CSRNP3 had a low expression, patients with ccRCC had a worse overall survival (OS). Therefore, a prognostic signature was constructed as follows: risk score = −0.224 × expmRNA ofCSRNP1 + 0.820 × expmRNA ofCSRNP2 − 1.428 × expmRNA ofCSRNP3. We found that OS was worse in patients from the high- than from the low-risk groups (AUC = 0.69). Moreover, this signature was an independent predictor after adjusting for clinical features. Functional enrichment analysis positively associated CSRNPs with the acute inflammatory response and humoral immune response pathways. This was validated by correlating each CSRNP with 28 types of immunocytes in tumor and normal tissues. A higher expression of CSRNP1 and CSRNP3 was associated with a better prognosis in both the high- and low-mutant burden groups. Cg19538674, cg07772537, and cg07811002 of CSRNP1, CSRNP2, and CSRNP3, respectively, were the predominant DNA methylation sites affecting OS. The CSRNP gene family signature may serve as a prognostic biomarker for predicting OS in patients with ccRCC. The association between CSRNPs and immune infiltration might offer future clinical treatment options.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.620126/fullclear cell renal cell carcinomaCSRNP familyprognosisimmune infiltrationThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) |
| spellingShingle | Huaru Zhang Huaru Zhang Xiaofu Qiu Xiaofu Qiu Guosheng Yang Guosheng Yang Guosheng Yang The CSRNP Gene Family Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Frontiers in Oncology clear cell renal cell carcinoma CSRNP family prognosis immune infiltration The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) |
| title | The CSRNP Gene Family Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma |
| title_full | The CSRNP Gene Family Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | The CSRNP Gene Family Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | The CSRNP Gene Family Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma |
| title_short | The CSRNP Gene Family Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma |
| title_sort | csrnp gene family serves as a prognostic biomarker in clear cell renal cell carcinoma |
| topic | clear cell renal cell carcinoma CSRNP family prognosis immune infiltration The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.620126/full |
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