Causal Associations Between Tobacco, Alcohol Use and Risk of Infectious Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Abstract Introduction The causal effects of smoking and alcohol use on the risk of infectious diseases are unclear, and it is hard investigate them in an observational study due to the potential confounding factors. The aim of this study was to use Mendelian randomization (MR) techniques to assess t...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Adis, Springer Healthcare
2023-03-01
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Series: | Infectious Diseases and Therapy |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-023-00775-4 |