Three dimensionless parameters influencing the optimal membrane orientation for forward osmosis
In many forward osmosis applications, flux is maximised (and capital costs minimised) when the membrane is oriented such that the feed solution faces the support layer (PRO mode). Here, a framework is developed to understand the factors that determine the membrane orientation that maximises flux. In...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en_US |
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Elsevier
2016
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/102360 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2901-0638 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-4841 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3808-8824 |
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| author | McGovern, Ronan Killian Mizerak, Jordan P. Zubair, Syed M. Lienhard, John H |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Abdul Latif Jameel World Water & Food Security Lab |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Abdul Latif Jameel World Water & Food Security Lab McGovern, Ronan Killian Mizerak, Jordan P. Zubair, Syed M. Lienhard, John H |
| author_sort | McGovern, Ronan Killian |
| collection | MIT |
| description | In many forward osmosis applications, flux is maximised (and capital costs minimised) when the membrane is oriented such that the feed solution faces the support layer (PRO mode). Here, a framework is developed to understand the factors that determine the membrane orientation that maximises flux. In the absence of fouling, a dimensionless form of the water transport equations reveals the importance of three dimensionless groups: the ratio of draw to feed osmotic pressure, the ratio of draw to feed solute diffusivity, and the resistance to water transport of the support layer relative to the active layer. A parametric study of these parameters and an application of the dimensionless equations to three important FO processes reveal that having the draw solution face the support layer (FO mode) can maximise flux in specific instances. Interestingly, this implies that operation in FO mode can both maximise flux and minimise fouling for fertigation applications and the concentration of flowback waters from hydraulic fracturing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T09:31:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/102360 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T09:31:04Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1023602023-02-17T02:05:36Z Three dimensionless parameters influencing the optimal membrane orientation for forward osmosis McGovern, Ronan Killian Mizerak, Jordan P. Zubair, Syed M. Lienhard, John H Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Abdul Latif Jameel World Water & Food Security Lab Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering McGovern, Ronan Killian Mizerak, Jordan P. Lienhard, John H. In many forward osmosis applications, flux is maximised (and capital costs minimised) when the membrane is oriented such that the feed solution faces the support layer (PRO mode). Here, a framework is developed to understand the factors that determine the membrane orientation that maximises flux. In the absence of fouling, a dimensionless form of the water transport equations reveals the importance of three dimensionless groups: the ratio of draw to feed osmotic pressure, the ratio of draw to feed solute diffusivity, and the resistance to water transport of the support layer relative to the active layer. A parametric study of these parameters and an application of the dimensionless equations to three important FO processes reveal that having the draw solution face the support layer (FO mode) can maximise flux in specific instances. Interestingly, this implies that operation in FO mode can both maximise flux and minimise fouling for fertigation applications and the concentration of flowback waters from hydraulic fracturing. Center for Clean Water and Clean Energy at MIT and KFUPM (Project R15-CW-11) United States. Dept. of State. Fulbright Science & Technology Program International Desalination Association (Channabasappa Memorial Scholarship) MIT Martin Family Society of Fellows for Sustainability Hugh Hampton Young Memorial Fellowship 2016-05-02T23:28:02Z 2016-05-02T23:28:02Z 2014-02 2014-01 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 03767388 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/102360 McGovern, Ronan K., Jordan P. Mizerak, Syed M. Zubair, and John H. Lienhard V. “Three Dimensionless Parameters Influencing the Optimal Membrane Orientation for Forward Osmosis.” Journal of Membrane Science 458 (May 2014): 104–110. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2901-0638 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-4841 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3808-8824 en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2014.01.061 Journal of Membrane Science Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ application/pdf Elsevier Prof. Lienhard via Angie Locknar |
| spellingShingle | McGovern, Ronan Killian Mizerak, Jordan P. Zubair, Syed M. Lienhard, John H Three dimensionless parameters influencing the optimal membrane orientation for forward osmosis |
| title | Three dimensionless parameters influencing the optimal membrane orientation for forward osmosis |
| title_full | Three dimensionless parameters influencing the optimal membrane orientation for forward osmosis |
| title_fullStr | Three dimensionless parameters influencing the optimal membrane orientation for forward osmosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Three dimensionless parameters influencing the optimal membrane orientation for forward osmosis |
| title_short | Three dimensionless parameters influencing the optimal membrane orientation for forward osmosis |
| title_sort | three dimensionless parameters influencing the optimal membrane orientation for forward osmosis |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/102360 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2901-0638 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8338-4841 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3808-8824 |
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