Multiplexed neural recording along a single optical fiber via optical reflectometry
We introduce the design and theoretical analysis of a fiber-optic architecture for neural recording without contrast agents, which transduces neural electrical signals into a multiplexed optical readout. Our sensor design is inspired by electro-optic modulators, which modulate the refractive index o...
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| अन्य लेखक: | |
| स्वरूप: | लेख |
| भाषा: | en_US |
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SPIE
2016
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| ऑनलाइन पहुंच: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103386 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9662-1666 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6574-097X https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2509-0861 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0419-3351 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4167-440X |
| _version_ | 1826198957035880448 |
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| author | Rodriques, Samuel Gordon Marblestone, Adam Henry Scholvin, Jorg Dapello, Joel Sarkar, Deblina Mankin, Max Gao, Ruixuan Wood, Lowell Boyden, Edward Stuart |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering Rodriques, Samuel Gordon Marblestone, Adam Henry Scholvin, Jorg Dapello, Joel Sarkar, Deblina Mankin, Max Gao, Ruixuan Wood, Lowell Boyden, Edward Stuart |
| author_sort | Rodriques, Samuel Gordon |
| collection | MIT |
| description | We introduce the design and theoretical analysis of a fiber-optic architecture for neural recording without contrast agents, which transduces neural electrical signals into a multiplexed optical readout. Our sensor design is inspired by electro-optic modulators, which modulate the refractive index of a waveguide by applying a voltage across an electro-optic core material. We estimate that this design would allow recording of the activities of individual neurons located at points along a 10-cm length of optical fiber with 40-μm axial resolution and sensitivity down to 100 μV using commercially available optical reflectometers as readout devices. Neural recording sites detect a potential difference against a reference and apply this potential to a capacitor. The waveguide serves as one of the plates of the capacitor, so charge accumulation across the capacitor results in an optical effect. A key concept of the design is that the sensitivity can be improved by increasing the capacitance. To maximize the capacitance, we utilize a microscopic layer of material with high relative permittivity. If suitable materials can be found—possessing high capacitance per unit area as well as favorable properties with respect to toxicity, optical attenuation, ohmic junctions, and surface capacitance—then such sensing fibers could, in principle, be scaled down to few-micron cross-sections for minimally invasive neural interfacing. We study these material requirements and propose potential material choices. Custom-designed multimaterial optical fibers, probed using a reflectometric readout, may, therefore, provide a powerful platform for neural sensing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:12:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/103386 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:12:30Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | SPIE |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1033862022-09-27T17:54:26Z Multiplexed neural recording along a single optical fiber via optical reflectometry Rodriques, Samuel Gordon Marblestone, Adam Henry Scholvin, Jorg Dapello, Joel Sarkar, Deblina Mankin, Max Gao, Ruixuan Wood, Lowell Boyden, Edward Stuart Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Media Laboratory McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT Rodriques, Samuel Gordon Marblestone, Adam Henry Scholvin, Jorg Dapello, Joel Sarkar, Deblina Gao, Ruixuan Boyden, Edward Stuart We introduce the design and theoretical analysis of a fiber-optic architecture for neural recording without contrast agents, which transduces neural electrical signals into a multiplexed optical readout. Our sensor design is inspired by electro-optic modulators, which modulate the refractive index of a waveguide by applying a voltage across an electro-optic core material. We estimate that this design would allow recording of the activities of individual neurons located at points along a 10-cm length of optical fiber with 40-μm axial resolution and sensitivity down to 100 μV using commercially available optical reflectometers as readout devices. Neural recording sites detect a potential difference against a reference and apply this potential to a capacitor. The waveguide serves as one of the plates of the capacitor, so charge accumulation across the capacitor results in an optical effect. A key concept of the design is that the sensitivity can be improved by increasing the capacitance. To maximize the capacitance, we utilize a microscopic layer of material with high relative permittivity. If suitable materials can be found—possessing high capacitance per unit area as well as favorable properties with respect to toxicity, optical attenuation, ohmic junctions, and surface capacitance—then such sensing fibers could, in principle, be scaled down to few-micron cross-sections for minimally invasive neural interfacing. We study these material requirements and propose potential material choices. Custom-designed multimaterial optical fibers, probed using a reflectometric readout, may, therefore, provide a powerful platform for neural sensing. Hertz Foundation National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Graduate Research Fellowship Program) National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NIH Director’s Pioneer Award) National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NIH grant 1U01MH106011) National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NIH grant 1R24MH106075-01) 2016-06-30T16:49:03Z 2016-06-30T16:49:03Z 2016-05 2016-01 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1083-3668 1560-2281 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103386 Rodriques, Samuel G., Adam H. Marblestone, Jorg Scholvin, Joel Dapello, Deblina Sarkar, Max Mankin, Ruixuan Gao, Lowell Wood, and Edward S. Boyden. “Multiplexed Neural Recording Along a Single Optical Fiber via Optical Reflectometry.” Journal of Biomedical Optics 21, no. 5 (May 19, 2016): 057003. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9662-1666 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6574-097X https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2509-0861 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0419-3351 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4167-440X en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.21.5.057003 Journal of Biomedical Optics Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf SPIE SPIE |
| spellingShingle | Rodriques, Samuel Gordon Marblestone, Adam Henry Scholvin, Jorg Dapello, Joel Sarkar, Deblina Mankin, Max Gao, Ruixuan Wood, Lowell Boyden, Edward Stuart Multiplexed neural recording along a single optical fiber via optical reflectometry |
| title | Multiplexed neural recording along a single optical fiber via optical reflectometry |
| title_full | Multiplexed neural recording along a single optical fiber via optical reflectometry |
| title_fullStr | Multiplexed neural recording along a single optical fiber via optical reflectometry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiplexed neural recording along a single optical fiber via optical reflectometry |
| title_short | Multiplexed neural recording along a single optical fiber via optical reflectometry |
| title_sort | multiplexed neural recording along a single optical fiber via optical reflectometry |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103386 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9662-1666 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6574-097X https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2509-0861 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0419-3351 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4167-440X |
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