The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array Dish. I. Beam Pattern Measurements and Science Implications
The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) is a radio interferometer aiming to detect the power spectrum of 21 cm fluctuations from neutral hydrogen from the epoch of reionization (EOR). Drawing on lessons from the Murchison Widefield Array and the Precision Array for Probing the EOR, HERA is a...
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IOP Publishing
2016
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105132 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7776-7240 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4117-570X https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0086-7363 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-7190 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8267-3425 |
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| author | Bradley, Richard F. DeBoer, David R. Parsons, Aaron R. Aguirre, James E. Ali, Zaki S. Cheng, Carina Patra, Nipanjana Thyagarajan, Nithyanandan Bowman, Judd Dickenson, Roger Dillon, Joshua S. Doolittle, Phillip Egan, Dennis Hedrick, Mike Jacobs, Daniel C. Kohn, Saul A. Klima, Patricia J. Moodley, Kavilan Saliwanchik, Benjamin R. B. Schaffner, Patrick Shelton, John Taylor, H. A. Taylor, Rusty Wirt, Butch Neben, Abraham Richard Hewitt, Jacqueline N Ewall-Wice, Aaron Michael Tegmark, Max Erik Zheng, Haoxuan |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Bradley, Richard F. DeBoer, David R. Parsons, Aaron R. Aguirre, James E. Ali, Zaki S. Cheng, Carina Patra, Nipanjana Thyagarajan, Nithyanandan Bowman, Judd Dickenson, Roger Dillon, Joshua S. Doolittle, Phillip Egan, Dennis Hedrick, Mike Jacobs, Daniel C. Kohn, Saul A. Klima, Patricia J. Moodley, Kavilan Saliwanchik, Benjamin R. B. Schaffner, Patrick Shelton, John Taylor, H. A. Taylor, Rusty Wirt, Butch Neben, Abraham Richard Hewitt, Jacqueline N Ewall-Wice, Aaron Michael Tegmark, Max Erik Zheng, Haoxuan |
| author_sort | Bradley, Richard F. |
| collection | MIT |
| description | The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) is a radio interferometer aiming to detect the power spectrum of 21 cm fluctuations from neutral hydrogen from the epoch of reionization (EOR). Drawing on lessons from the Murchison Widefield Array and the Precision Array for Probing the EOR, HERA is a hexagonal array of large (14 m diameter) dishes with suspended dipole feeds. The dish not only determines overall sensitivity, but also affects the observed frequency structure of foregrounds in the interferometer. This is the first of a series of four papers characterizing the frequency and angular response of the dish with simulations and measurements. In this paper, we focus on the angular response (i.e., power pattern), which sets the relative weighting between sky regions of high and low delay and thus apparent source frequency structure. We measure the angular response at 137 MHz using the ORBCOMM beam mapping system of Neben et al. We measure a collecting area of 93 m[superscript 2] in the optimal dish/feed configuration, implying that HERA-320 should detect the EOR power spectrum at z ∼ 9 with a signal-to-noise ratio of 12.7 using a foreground avoidance approach with a single season of observations and 74.3 using a foreground subtraction approach. Finally, we study the impact of these beam measurements on the distribution of foregrounds in Fourier space. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T16:17:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/105132 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T16:17:12Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1051322022-09-29T19:24:36Z The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array Dish. I. Beam Pattern Measurements and Science Implications Bradley, Richard F. DeBoer, David R. Parsons, Aaron R. Aguirre, James E. Ali, Zaki S. Cheng, Carina Patra, Nipanjana Thyagarajan, Nithyanandan Bowman, Judd Dickenson, Roger Dillon, Joshua S. Doolittle, Phillip Egan, Dennis Hedrick, Mike Jacobs, Daniel C. Kohn, Saul A. Klima, Patricia J. Moodley, Kavilan Saliwanchik, Benjamin R. B. Schaffner, Patrick Shelton, John Taylor, H. A. Taylor, Rusty Wirt, Butch Neben, Abraham Richard Hewitt, Jacqueline N Ewall-Wice, Aaron Michael Tegmark, Max Erik Zheng, Haoxuan Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Neben, Abraham Richard Hewitt, Jacqueline N Ewall-Wice, Aaron Michael Tegmark, Max Erik Zheng, Haoxuan The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) is a radio interferometer aiming to detect the power spectrum of 21 cm fluctuations from neutral hydrogen from the epoch of reionization (EOR). Drawing on lessons from the Murchison Widefield Array and the Precision Array for Probing the EOR, HERA is a hexagonal array of large (14 m diameter) dishes with suspended dipole feeds. The dish not only determines overall sensitivity, but also affects the observed frequency structure of foregrounds in the interferometer. This is the first of a series of four papers characterizing the frequency and angular response of the dish with simulations and measurements. In this paper, we focus on the angular response (i.e., power pattern), which sets the relative weighting between sky regions of high and low delay and thus apparent source frequency structure. We measure the angular response at 137 MHz using the ORBCOMM beam mapping system of Neben et al. We measure a collecting area of 93 m[superscript 2] in the optimal dish/feed configuration, implying that HERA-320 should detect the EOR power spectrum at z ∼ 9 with a signal-to-noise ratio of 12.7 using a foreground avoidance approach with a single season of observations and 74.3 using a foreground subtraction approach. Finally, we study the impact of these beam measurements on the distribution of foregrounds in Fourier space. National Science Foundation (U.S.) (AST-1440343) Kathy and Curt Marble Cancer Research Fund Massachusetts Institute of Technology. School of Science National Science Foundation (U.S.). Graduate Research Fellowship Program (Grant No. 1122374) 2016-10-28T16:29:17Z 2016-10-28T16:29:17Z 2016-08 2016-04 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1538-4357 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105132 Neben, Abraham R. et al. “The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array Dish. I. Beam Pattern Measurements and Science Implications.” The Astrophysical Journal 826.2 (2016): 199. © 2016 The American Astronomical Society https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7776-7240 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4117-570X https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0086-7363 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-7190 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8267-3425 en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/199 The Astrophysical Journal Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf IOP Publishing American Astronomical Society |
| spellingShingle | Bradley, Richard F. DeBoer, David R. Parsons, Aaron R. Aguirre, James E. Ali, Zaki S. Cheng, Carina Patra, Nipanjana Thyagarajan, Nithyanandan Bowman, Judd Dickenson, Roger Dillon, Joshua S. Doolittle, Phillip Egan, Dennis Hedrick, Mike Jacobs, Daniel C. Kohn, Saul A. Klima, Patricia J. Moodley, Kavilan Saliwanchik, Benjamin R. B. Schaffner, Patrick Shelton, John Taylor, H. A. Taylor, Rusty Wirt, Butch Neben, Abraham Richard Hewitt, Jacqueline N Ewall-Wice, Aaron Michael Tegmark, Max Erik Zheng, Haoxuan The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array Dish. I. Beam Pattern Measurements and Science Implications |
| title | The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array Dish. I. Beam Pattern Measurements and Science Implications |
| title_full | The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array Dish. I. Beam Pattern Measurements and Science Implications |
| title_fullStr | The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array Dish. I. Beam Pattern Measurements and Science Implications |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array Dish. I. Beam Pattern Measurements and Science Implications |
| title_short | The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array Dish. I. Beam Pattern Measurements and Science Implications |
| title_sort | hydrogen epoch of reionization array dish i beam pattern measurements and science implications |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105132 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7776-7240 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4117-570X https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0086-7363 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-7190 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8267-3425 |
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