The stomach in health and disease
The stomach is traditionally regarded as a hollow muscular sac that initiates the second phase of digestion. Yet this simple view ignores the fact that it is the most sophisticated endocrine organ with unique physiology, biochemistry, immunology and microbiology. All ingested materials, including ou...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en_US |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2017
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106623 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9307-6116 |
| _version_ | 1826210394055639040 |
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| author | Hunt, R H Camilleri, M Crowe, S E El-Omar, E M Kuipers, E J Malfertheiner, P McColl, K E L Pritchard, D M Rugge, M Sonnenberg, A Sugano, K Tack, J Fox, James G |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering Hunt, R H Camilleri, M Crowe, S E El-Omar, E M Kuipers, E J Malfertheiner, P McColl, K E L Pritchard, D M Rugge, M Sonnenberg, A Sugano, K Tack, J Fox, James G |
| author_sort | Hunt, R H |
| collection | MIT |
| description | The stomach is traditionally regarded as a hollow muscular sac that initiates the second phase of digestion. Yet this simple view ignores the fact that it is the most sophisticated endocrine organ with unique physiology, biochemistry, immunology and microbiology. All ingested materials, including our nutrition, have to negotiate this organ first, and as such, the stomach is arguably the most important segment within the GI tract. The unique biological function of gastric acid secretion not only initiates the digestive process but also acts as a first line of defence against food-borne microbes. Normal gastric physiology and morphology may be disrupted by Helicobacter pylori infection, the most common chronic bacterial infection in the world and the aetiological agent for most peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. In this state-of-the-art review, the most relevant new aspects of the stomach in health and disease are addressed. Topics include gastric physiology and the role of gastric dysmotility in dyspepsia and gastroparesis; the stomach in appetite control and obesity; there is an update on the immunology of the stomach and the emerging field of the gastric microbiome. H. pylori-induced gastritis and its associated diseases including peptic ulcers and gastric cancer are addressed together with advances in diagnosis. The conclusions provide a future approach to gastric diseases underpinned by the concept that a healthy stomach is the gateway to a healthy and balanced host. This philosophy should reinforce any public health efforts designed to eradicate major gastric diseases, including stomach cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T14:49:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/106623 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T14:49:06Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1066232022-10-01T22:41:05Z The stomach in health and disease Hunt, R H Camilleri, M Crowe, S E El-Omar, E M Kuipers, E J Malfertheiner, P McColl, K E L Pritchard, D M Rugge, M Sonnenberg, A Sugano, K Tack, J Fox, James G Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Division of Comparative Medicine Fox, James G The stomach is traditionally regarded as a hollow muscular sac that initiates the second phase of digestion. Yet this simple view ignores the fact that it is the most sophisticated endocrine organ with unique physiology, biochemistry, immunology and microbiology. All ingested materials, including our nutrition, have to negotiate this organ first, and as such, the stomach is arguably the most important segment within the GI tract. The unique biological function of gastric acid secretion not only initiates the digestive process but also acts as a first line of defence against food-borne microbes. Normal gastric physiology and morphology may be disrupted by Helicobacter pylori infection, the most common chronic bacterial infection in the world and the aetiological agent for most peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. In this state-of-the-art review, the most relevant new aspects of the stomach in health and disease are addressed. Topics include gastric physiology and the role of gastric dysmotility in dyspepsia and gastroparesis; the stomach in appetite control and obesity; there is an update on the immunology of the stomach and the emerging field of the gastric microbiome. H. pylori-induced gastritis and its associated diseases including peptic ulcers and gastric cancer are addressed together with advances in diagnosis. The conclusions provide a future approach to gastric diseases underpinned by the concept that a healthy stomach is the gateway to a healthy and balanced host. This philosophy should reinforce any public health efforts designed to eradicate major gastric diseases, including stomach cancer. 2017-01-25T20:30:55Z 2017-01-25T20:30:55Z 2015-09 2015-07 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 0017-5749 1468-3288 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106623 Hunt, R H et al. “The Stomach in Health and Disease.” Gut 64.10 (2015): 1650–1668. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9307-6116 en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307595 Gut Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ application/pdf BMJ Publishing Group PMC |
| spellingShingle | Hunt, R H Camilleri, M Crowe, S E El-Omar, E M Kuipers, E J Malfertheiner, P McColl, K E L Pritchard, D M Rugge, M Sonnenberg, A Sugano, K Tack, J Fox, James G The stomach in health and disease |
| title | The stomach in health and disease |
| title_full | The stomach in health and disease |
| title_fullStr | The stomach in health and disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | The stomach in health and disease |
| title_short | The stomach in health and disease |
| title_sort | stomach in health and disease |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106623 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9307-6116 |
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