Spatially resolved edge currents and guided-wave electronic states in graphene
Exploiting the light-like properties of carriers in graphene could allow extreme non-classical forms of electronic transport to be realized. In this vein, finding ways to confine and direct electronic waves through nanoscale streams and streamlets, unimpeded by the presence of other carriers, has re...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en_US |
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Nature Publishing Group
2017
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/108589 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4193-6254 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8217-8213 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4268-731X |
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| author | Allen, M. T. Fulga, I. C. Akhmerov, A. R. Watanabe, K. Taniguchi, T. Yacoby, A. Shtanko, Oles Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo Levitov, Leonid |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Allen, M. T. Fulga, I. C. Akhmerov, A. R. Watanabe, K. Taniguchi, T. Yacoby, A. Shtanko, Oles Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo Levitov, Leonid |
| author_sort | Allen, M. T. |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Exploiting the light-like properties of carriers in graphene could allow extreme non-classical forms of electronic transport to be realized. In this vein, finding ways to confine and direct electronic waves through nanoscale streams and streamlets, unimpeded by the presence of other carriers, has remained a grand challenge. Inspired by guiding of light in fibre optics, here we demonstrate a route to engineer such a flow of electrons using a technique for mapping currents at submicron scales. We employ real-space imaging of current flow in graphene to provide direct evidence of the confinement of electron waves at the edges of a graphene crystal near charge neutrality. This is achieved by using superconducting interferometry in a graphene Josephson junction and reconstructing the spatial structure of conducting pathways using Fourier methods. The observed edge currents arise from coherent guided-wave states, confined to the edge by band bending and transmitted as plane waves. As an electronic analogue of photon guiding in optical fibres, the observed states afford non-classical means for information transduction and processing at the nanoscale. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:12:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/108589 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:12:32Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1085892022-09-27T17:54:50Z Spatially resolved edge currents and guided-wave electronic states in graphene Allen, M. T. Fulga, I. C. Akhmerov, A. R. Watanabe, K. Taniguchi, T. Yacoby, A. Shtanko, Oles Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo Levitov, Leonid Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Shtanko, Oles Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo Levitov, Leonid Exploiting the light-like properties of carriers in graphene could allow extreme non-classical forms of electronic transport to be realized. In this vein, finding ways to confine and direct electronic waves through nanoscale streams and streamlets, unimpeded by the presence of other carriers, has remained a grand challenge. Inspired by guiding of light in fibre optics, here we demonstrate a route to engineer such a flow of electrons using a technique for mapping currents at submicron scales. We employ real-space imaging of current flow in graphene to provide direct evidence of the confinement of electron waves at the edges of a graphene crystal near charge neutrality. This is achieved by using superconducting interferometry in a graphene Josephson junction and reconstructing the spatial structure of conducting pathways using Fourier methods. The observed edge currents arise from coherent guided-wave states, confined to the edge by band bending and transmitted as plane waves. As an electronic analogue of photon guiding in optical fibres, the observed states afford non-classical means for information transduction and processing at the nanoscale. United States. Department of Energy (DE-SC0001819) 2017-05-02T17:12:05Z 2017-05-02T17:12:05Z 2015-11 2015-05 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1745-2473 1745-2481 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/108589 Allen, M. T.; Shtanko, O.; Fulga, I. C.; Akhmerov, A. R.; Watanabe, K.; Taniguchi, T.; Jarillo-Herrero, P.; Levitov, L. S. and Yacoby, A. “Spatially Resolved Edge Currents and Guided-Wave Electronic States in Graphene.” Nature Physics 12, no. 2 (November 2015): 128–133. © 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4193-6254 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8217-8213 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4268-731X en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys3534 Nature Physics Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf Nature Publishing Group arXiv |
| spellingShingle | Allen, M. T. Fulga, I. C. Akhmerov, A. R. Watanabe, K. Taniguchi, T. Yacoby, A. Shtanko, Oles Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo Levitov, Leonid Spatially resolved edge currents and guided-wave electronic states in graphene |
| title | Spatially resolved edge currents and guided-wave electronic states in graphene |
| title_full | Spatially resolved edge currents and guided-wave electronic states in graphene |
| title_fullStr | Spatially resolved edge currents and guided-wave electronic states in graphene |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatially resolved edge currents and guided-wave electronic states in graphene |
| title_short | Spatially resolved edge currents and guided-wave electronic states in graphene |
| title_sort | spatially resolved edge currents and guided wave electronic states in graphene |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/108589 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4193-6254 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8217-8213 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4268-731X |
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