Riding against the wind: a review of competition cycling aerodynamics
Aerodynamics has such a profound impact on cycling performance at the elite level that it has infiltrated almost every aspect of the sport from riding position and styles, equipment design and selection, race tactics and training regimes, governing rules and regulations to even the design of new vel...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer London
2017
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/108762 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8876-0068 |
| _version_ | 1826190627032793088 |
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| author | Crouch, Timothy N Burton, David LaBry, Zach A Blair, Kim B |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Crouch, Timothy N Burton, David LaBry, Zach A Blair, Kim B |
| author_sort | Crouch, Timothy N |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Aerodynamics has such a profound impact on cycling performance at the elite level that it has infiltrated almost every aspect of the sport from riding position and styles, equipment design and selection, race tactics and training regimes, governing rules and regulations to even the design of new velodromes. This paper presents a review of the aspects of aerodynamics that are critical to understanding flows around cyclists under racing conditions, and the methods used to evaluate and improve aerodynamic performance at the elite level. The fundamental flow physics of bluff body aerodynamics and the mechanisms by which the aerodynamic forces are imparted on cyclists are described. Both experimental and numerical techniques used to investigate cycling aerodynamic performance and the constraints on implementing aerodynamic saving measures at the elite level are also discussed. The review reveals that the nature of cycling flow fields are complex and multi-faceted as a result of the highly three-dimensional and variable geometry of the human form, the unsteady racing environment flow field, and the non-linear interactions that are inherent to all cycling flows. Current findings in this field have and will continue to evolve the sport of elite cycling while also posing a multitude of potentially fruitful areas of research for further gains in cycling performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T08:42:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/108762 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T08:42:57Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Springer London |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1087622024-06-28T14:38:20Z Riding against the wind: a review of competition cycling aerodynamics Crouch, Timothy N Burton, David LaBry, Zach A Blair, Kim B Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Blair, Kim B Aerodynamics has such a profound impact on cycling performance at the elite level that it has infiltrated almost every aspect of the sport from riding position and styles, equipment design and selection, race tactics and training regimes, governing rules and regulations to even the design of new velodromes. This paper presents a review of the aspects of aerodynamics that are critical to understanding flows around cyclists under racing conditions, and the methods used to evaluate and improve aerodynamic performance at the elite level. The fundamental flow physics of bluff body aerodynamics and the mechanisms by which the aerodynamic forces are imparted on cyclists are described. Both experimental and numerical techniques used to investigate cycling aerodynamic performance and the constraints on implementing aerodynamic saving measures at the elite level are also discussed. The review reveals that the nature of cycling flow fields are complex and multi-faceted as a result of the highly three-dimensional and variable geometry of the human form, the unsteady racing environment flow field, and the non-linear interactions that are inherent to all cycling flows. Current findings in this field have and will continue to evolve the sport of elite cycling while also posing a multitude of potentially fruitful areas of research for further gains in cycling performance. 2017-05-09T13:18:22Z 2017-05-09T13:18:22Z 2017-05 2017-05-05T04:55:12Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1369-7072 1460-2687 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/108762 Crouch, Timothy N.; Burton, David; LaBry, Zach A. and Blair, Kim B. “Riding Against the Wind: a Review of Competition Cycling Aerodynamics.” Sports Engineering (May 2017). © 2017 The Author(s) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8876-0068 en http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12283-017-0234-1 Sports Engineering Creative Commons Attribution http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Author(s) application/pdf Springer London Springer London |
| spellingShingle | Crouch, Timothy N Burton, David LaBry, Zach A Blair, Kim B Riding against the wind: a review of competition cycling aerodynamics |
| title | Riding against the wind: a review of competition cycling aerodynamics |
| title_full | Riding against the wind: a review of competition cycling aerodynamics |
| title_fullStr | Riding against the wind: a review of competition cycling aerodynamics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Riding against the wind: a review of competition cycling aerodynamics |
| title_short | Riding against the wind: a review of competition cycling aerodynamics |
| title_sort | riding against the wind a review of competition cycling aerodynamics |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/108762 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8876-0068 |
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