Global volcanic aerosol properties derived from emissions, 1990-2014, using CESM1(WACCM)
Accurate representation of global stratospheric aerosols from volcanic and nonvolcanic sulfur emissions is key to understanding the cooling effects and ozone losses that may be linked to volcanic activity. Attribution of climate variability to volcanic activity is of particular interest in relation...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en_US |
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American Geophysical Union (AGU)
2017
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109529 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-7581 |
| _version_ | 1811068362182098944 |
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| author | Schmidt, Anja Easter, Richard Kinnison, Douglas E. Ghan, Steven J. Neely, Ryan R. Marsh, Daniel R. Conley, Andrew Bardeen, Charles G. Gettelman, Andrew Mills, Michael J Solomon, Susan |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemistry |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemistry Schmidt, Anja Easter, Richard Kinnison, Douglas E. Ghan, Steven J. Neely, Ryan R. Marsh, Daniel R. Conley, Andrew Bardeen, Charles G. Gettelman, Andrew Mills, Michael J Solomon, Susan |
| author_sort | Schmidt, Anja |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Accurate representation of global stratospheric aerosols from volcanic and nonvolcanic sulfur emissions is key to understanding the cooling effects and ozone losses that may be linked to volcanic activity. Attribution of climate variability to volcanic activity is of particular interest in relation to the post-2000 slowing in the rate of global average temperature increases. We have compiled a database of volcanic SO[subscript 2] emissions and plume altitudes for eruptions from 1990 to 2014 and developed a new prognostic capability for simulating stratospheric sulfate aerosols in the Community Earth System Model. We used these combined with
other nonvolcanic emissions of sulfur sources to reconstruct global aerosol properties from 1990 to 2014. Our calculations show remarkable agreement with ground-based lidar observations of stratospheric aerosol optical depth (SAOD) and with in situ measurements of stratospheric aerosol surface area density (SAD). These properties are key parameters in calculating the radiative and chemical effects of stratospheric aerosols. Our SAOD calculations represent a clear improvement over available satellite-based analyses, which generally
ignore aerosol extinction below 15 km, a region that can contain the vast majority of stratospheric aerosol extinction at middle and high latitudes. Our SAD calculations greatly improve on that provided for the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative, which misses about 60% of the SAD measured in situ on average during both volcanically active and volcanically quiescent periods. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T07:54:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/109529 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T07:54:53Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1095292022-09-23T09:37:49Z Global volcanic aerosol properties derived from emissions, 1990-2014, using CESM1(WACCM) Schmidt, Anja Easter, Richard Kinnison, Douglas E. Ghan, Steven J. Neely, Ryan R. Marsh, Daniel R. Conley, Andrew Bardeen, Charles G. Gettelman, Andrew Mills, Michael J Solomon, Susan Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Solomon, Susan Mills, Michael J Solomon, Susan Accurate representation of global stratospheric aerosols from volcanic and nonvolcanic sulfur emissions is key to understanding the cooling effects and ozone losses that may be linked to volcanic activity. Attribution of climate variability to volcanic activity is of particular interest in relation to the post-2000 slowing in the rate of global average temperature increases. We have compiled a database of volcanic SO[subscript 2] emissions and plume altitudes for eruptions from 1990 to 2014 and developed a new prognostic capability for simulating stratospheric sulfate aerosols in the Community Earth System Model. We used these combined with other nonvolcanic emissions of sulfur sources to reconstruct global aerosol properties from 1990 to 2014. Our calculations show remarkable agreement with ground-based lidar observations of stratospheric aerosol optical depth (SAOD) and with in situ measurements of stratospheric aerosol surface area density (SAD). These properties are key parameters in calculating the radiative and chemical effects of stratospheric aerosols. Our SAOD calculations represent a clear improvement over available satellite-based analyses, which generally ignore aerosol extinction below 15 km, a region that can contain the vast majority of stratospheric aerosol extinction at middle and high latitudes. Our SAD calculations greatly improve on that provided for the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative, which misses about 60% of the SAD measured in situ on average during both volcanically active and volcanically quiescent periods. National Science Foundation (U.S.) National Science Foundation (U.S.) (atmospheric chemistry program grant 1539972) 2017-06-02T13:31:18Z 2017-06-02T13:31:18Z 2016-03 2015-09 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 2169897X http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109529 Mills, Michael J., Anja Schmidt, Richard Easter, Susan Solomon, Douglas E. Kinnison, Steven J. Ghan, Ryan R. Neely, et al. “Global Volcanic Aerosol Properties Derived from Emissions, 1990-2014, Using CESM1(WACCM).” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 121, no. 5 (March 6, 2016): 2332–2348. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-7581 en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015jd024290 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf American Geophysical Union (AGU) Prof. Solomon via Chris Sherratt |
| spellingShingle | Schmidt, Anja Easter, Richard Kinnison, Douglas E. Ghan, Steven J. Neely, Ryan R. Marsh, Daniel R. Conley, Andrew Bardeen, Charles G. Gettelman, Andrew Mills, Michael J Solomon, Susan Global volcanic aerosol properties derived from emissions, 1990-2014, using CESM1(WACCM) |
| title | Global volcanic aerosol properties derived from emissions, 1990-2014, using CESM1(WACCM) |
| title_full | Global volcanic aerosol properties derived from emissions, 1990-2014, using CESM1(WACCM) |
| title_fullStr | Global volcanic aerosol properties derived from emissions, 1990-2014, using CESM1(WACCM) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global volcanic aerosol properties derived from emissions, 1990-2014, using CESM1(WACCM) |
| title_short | Global volcanic aerosol properties derived from emissions, 1990-2014, using CESM1(WACCM) |
| title_sort | global volcanic aerosol properties derived from emissions 1990 2014 using cesm1 waccm |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109529 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-7581 |
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