Optical magnetic detection of single-neuron action potentials using quantum defects in diamond
Magnetic fields from neuronal action potentials (APs) pass largely unperturbed through biological tissue, allowing magnetic measurements of AP dynamics to be performed extracellularly or even outside intact organisms. To date, however, magnetic techniques for sensing neuronal activity have either op...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en_US |
| Published: |
National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)
2017
|
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111194 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4905-8564 |
| _version_ | 1826203352969510912 |
|---|---|
| author | Barry, John F. Turner, Matthew J. Glenn, David R. Song, Yuyu Lukin, Mikhail D. Park, Hongkun Walsworth, Ronald L. Schloss, Jennifer May |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Barry, John F. Turner, Matthew J. Glenn, David R. Song, Yuyu Lukin, Mikhail D. Park, Hongkun Walsworth, Ronald L. Schloss, Jennifer May |
| author_sort | Barry, John F. |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Magnetic fields from neuronal action potentials (APs) pass largely unperturbed through biological tissue, allowing magnetic measurements of AP dynamics to be performed extracellularly or even outside intact organisms. To date, however, magnetic techniques for sensing neuronal activity have either operated at the macroscale with coarse spatial and/or temporal resolution—e.g., magnetic resonance imaging methods and magnetoencephalography—or been restricted to biophysics studies of excised neurons probed with cryogenic or bulky detectors that do not provide single-neuron spatial resolution and are not scalable to functional networks or intact organisms. Here, we show that AP magnetic sensing can be realized with both single-neuron sensitivity and intact organism applicability using optically probed nitrogen-vacancy (NV) quantum defects in diamond, operated under ambient conditions and with the NV diamond sensor in close proximity (∼10 µm) to the biological sample. We demonstrate this method for excised single neurons from marine worm and squid, and then exterior to intact, optically opaque marine worms for extended periods and with no observed adverse effect on the animal. NV diamond magnetometry is noninvasive and label-free and does not cause photodamage. The method provides precise measurement of AP waveforms from individual neurons, as well as magnetic field correlates of the AP conduction velocity, and directly determines the AP propagation direction through the inherent sensitivity of NVs to the associated AP magnetic field vector. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:35:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/111194 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:35:34Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1111942022-09-28T08:52:36Z Optical magnetic detection of single-neuron action potentials using quantum defects in diamond Barry, John F. Turner, Matthew J. Glenn, David R. Song, Yuyu Lukin, Mikhail D. Park, Hongkun Walsworth, Ronald L. Schloss, Jennifer May Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Schloss, Jennifer May Magnetic fields from neuronal action potentials (APs) pass largely unperturbed through biological tissue, allowing magnetic measurements of AP dynamics to be performed extracellularly or even outside intact organisms. To date, however, magnetic techniques for sensing neuronal activity have either operated at the macroscale with coarse spatial and/or temporal resolution—e.g., magnetic resonance imaging methods and magnetoencephalography—or been restricted to biophysics studies of excised neurons probed with cryogenic or bulky detectors that do not provide single-neuron spatial resolution and are not scalable to functional networks or intact organisms. Here, we show that AP magnetic sensing can be realized with both single-neuron sensitivity and intact organism applicability using optically probed nitrogen-vacancy (NV) quantum defects in diamond, operated under ambient conditions and with the NV diamond sensor in close proximity (∼10 µm) to the biological sample. We demonstrate this method for excised single neurons from marine worm and squid, and then exterior to intact, optically opaque marine worms for extended periods and with no observed adverse effect on the animal. NV diamond magnetometry is noninvasive and label-free and does not cause photodamage. The method provides precise measurement of AP waveforms from individual neurons, as well as magnetic field correlates of the AP conduction velocity, and directly determines the AP propagation direction through the inherent sensitivity of NVs to the associated AP magnetic field vector. National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant 1122374) 2017-09-13T16:43:25Z 2017-09-13T16:43:25Z 2016-11 2016-01 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 0027-8424 1091-6490 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111194 Barry, John F. et al. “Optical Magnetic Detection of Single-Neuron Action Potentials Using Quantum Defects in Diamond.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, 49 (November 2016): 14133–14138 © 2016 National Academy of Sciences https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4905-8564 en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1601513113 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) PNAS |
| spellingShingle | Barry, John F. Turner, Matthew J. Glenn, David R. Song, Yuyu Lukin, Mikhail D. Park, Hongkun Walsworth, Ronald L. Schloss, Jennifer May Optical magnetic detection of single-neuron action potentials using quantum defects in diamond |
| title | Optical magnetic detection of single-neuron action potentials using quantum defects in diamond |
| title_full | Optical magnetic detection of single-neuron action potentials using quantum defects in diamond |
| title_fullStr | Optical magnetic detection of single-neuron action potentials using quantum defects in diamond |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optical magnetic detection of single-neuron action potentials using quantum defects in diamond |
| title_short | Optical magnetic detection of single-neuron action potentials using quantum defects in diamond |
| title_sort | optical magnetic detection of single neuron action potentials using quantum defects in diamond |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111194 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4905-8564 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT barryjohnf opticalmagneticdetectionofsingleneuronactionpotentialsusingquantumdefectsindiamond AT turnermatthewj opticalmagneticdetectionofsingleneuronactionpotentialsusingquantumdefectsindiamond AT glenndavidr opticalmagneticdetectionofsingleneuronactionpotentialsusingquantumdefectsindiamond AT songyuyu opticalmagneticdetectionofsingleneuronactionpotentialsusingquantumdefectsindiamond AT lukinmikhaild opticalmagneticdetectionofsingleneuronactionpotentialsusingquantumdefectsindiamond AT parkhongkun opticalmagneticdetectionofsingleneuronactionpotentialsusingquantumdefectsindiamond AT walsworthronaldl opticalmagneticdetectionofsingleneuronactionpotentialsusingquantumdefectsindiamond AT schlossjennifermay opticalmagneticdetectionofsingleneuronactionpotentialsusingquantumdefectsindiamond |