Electrodeposition Kinetics in Li-S Batteries: Effects of Low Electrolyte/Sulfur Ratios and Deposition Surface Composition
Lithium-sulfur batteries obtain most of their capacity from the electrodeposition of Li₂S. This is often a slow process, limiting the rate capability of Li-S batteries. In this work, the kinetics of Li₂S deposition from polysulfide solutions of 1-7 M S concentration onto carbon and two conductive ox...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Published: |
Electrochemical Society
2017
|
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111787 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0833-7674 |
| _version_ | 1826201096080588800 |
|---|---|
| author | Fang, Frank Yuxing Chiang, Yet-Ming |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Fang, Frank Yuxing Chiang, Yet-Ming |
| author_sort | Fang, Frank Yuxing |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Lithium-sulfur batteries obtain most of their capacity from the electrodeposition of Li₂S. This is often a slow process, limiting the rate capability of Li-S batteries. In this work, the kinetics of Li₂S deposition from polysulfide solutions of 1-7 M S concentration onto carbon and two conductive oxides (indium tin oxide, ITO; and aluminum-doped zinc oxide, AZO) were characterized. Higher polysulfide concentrations were found to result in significantly slower electrodeposition, with island nucleation and growth rates up to 75% less than at low concentrations. Since Li-S batteries with low electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratios necessarily reach higher polysulfide concentrations during use, the present results explain why high polarization and low rate capability are observed under such conditions. Given that low E/S ratios are critical to reach high energy density, means to improve electrodeposition kinetics at high polysulfide concentrations are necessary. Towards this goal, coatings of ITO and AZO on carbon fiber current collectors were found to improve island growth rates at 5 M by up to ∼60%. Of the two oxides, AZO was found to be superior in reducing the electrodeposition overpotential. Its benefits were demonstrated for carbon fiber current collectors coated with AZO and for conductive suspensions incorporating carbon black and nanoparticle AZO. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:46:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/111787 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:46:31Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Electrochemical Society |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1117872022-09-27T21:50:12Z Electrodeposition Kinetics in Li-S Batteries: Effects of Low Electrolyte/Sulfur Ratios and Deposition Surface Composition Fang, Frank Yuxing Chiang, Yet-Ming Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Fang, Frank Yuxing Chiang, Yet-Ming Lithium-sulfur batteries obtain most of their capacity from the electrodeposition of Li₂S. This is often a slow process, limiting the rate capability of Li-S batteries. In this work, the kinetics of Li₂S deposition from polysulfide solutions of 1-7 M S concentration onto carbon and two conductive oxides (indium tin oxide, ITO; and aluminum-doped zinc oxide, AZO) were characterized. Higher polysulfide concentrations were found to result in significantly slower electrodeposition, with island nucleation and growth rates up to 75% less than at low concentrations. Since Li-S batteries with low electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratios necessarily reach higher polysulfide concentrations during use, the present results explain why high polarization and low rate capability are observed under such conditions. Given that low E/S ratios are critical to reach high energy density, means to improve electrodeposition kinetics at high polysulfide concentrations are necessary. Towards this goal, coatings of ITO and AZO on carbon fiber current collectors were found to improve island growth rates at 5 M by up to ∼60%. Of the two oxides, AZO was found to be superior in reducing the electrodeposition overpotential. Its benefits were demonstrated for carbon fiber current collectors coated with AZO and for conductive suspensions incorporating carbon black and nanoparticle AZO. 2017-10-04T16:15:07Z 2017-10-04T16:15:07Z 2017-03 2017-02 2017-10-04T15:27:28Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 0013-4651 1945-7111 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111787 Fan, Frank Y., and Chiang, Yet-Ming. “Electrodeposition Kinetics in Li-S Batteries: Effects of Low Electrolyte/Sulfur Ratios and Deposition Surface Composition.” Journal of The Electrochemical Society 164, 4 (March 2017): A917–A922 © The Author(s) 2017 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0833-7674 http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.0051706JES Journal of The Electrochemical Society Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf Electrochemical Society The Electrochemical Society (ECS) |
| spellingShingle | Fang, Frank Yuxing Chiang, Yet-Ming Electrodeposition Kinetics in Li-S Batteries: Effects of Low Electrolyte/Sulfur Ratios and Deposition Surface Composition |
| title | Electrodeposition Kinetics in Li-S Batteries: Effects of Low Electrolyte/Sulfur Ratios and Deposition Surface Composition |
| title_full | Electrodeposition Kinetics in Li-S Batteries: Effects of Low Electrolyte/Sulfur Ratios and Deposition Surface Composition |
| title_fullStr | Electrodeposition Kinetics in Li-S Batteries: Effects of Low Electrolyte/Sulfur Ratios and Deposition Surface Composition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrodeposition Kinetics in Li-S Batteries: Effects of Low Electrolyte/Sulfur Ratios and Deposition Surface Composition |
| title_short | Electrodeposition Kinetics in Li-S Batteries: Effects of Low Electrolyte/Sulfur Ratios and Deposition Surface Composition |
| title_sort | electrodeposition kinetics in li s batteries effects of low electrolyte sulfur ratios and deposition surface composition |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111787 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0833-7674 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fangfrankyuxing electrodepositionkineticsinlisbatterieseffectsoflowelectrolytesulfurratiosanddepositionsurfacecomposition AT chiangyetming electrodepositionkineticsinlisbatterieseffectsoflowelectrolytesulfurratiosanddepositionsurfacecomposition |