Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems
Many physical processes we observe in nature involve variations of macroscopic quantities over spatial and temporal scales much larger than microscopic molecular collision scales and can be considered as in local thermal equilibrium. In this paper we show that any classical statistical system in loc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer International Publishing AG
2018
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114659 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4911-3183 |
| _version_ | 1811081265008345088 |
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| author | Gao, Ping Liu, Hong |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Theoretical Physics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Theoretical Physics Gao, Ping Liu, Hong |
| author_sort | Gao, Ping |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Many physical processes we observe in nature involve variations of macroscopic quantities over spatial and temporal scales much larger than microscopic molecular collision scales and can be considered as in local thermal equilibrium. In this paper we show that any classical statistical system in local thermal equilibrium has an emergent supersymmetry at low energies. We use the framework of non-equilibrium effective field theory for quantum many-body systems defined on a closed time path contour and consider its classical limit. Unitarity of time evolution requires introducing anti-commuting degrees of freedom and BRST symmetry which survive in the classical limit. The local equilibrium is realized through a Z2 dynamical KMS symmetry. We show that supersymmetry is equivalent to the combination of BRST and a specific consequence of the dynamical KMS symmetry, to which we refer as the special dynamical KMS condition. In particular, we prove a theorem stating that a system satisfying the special dynamical KMS condition is always supersymmetrizable. We discuss a number of examples explicitly, including model A for dynamical critical phenomena, a hydrodynamic theory of nonlinear diffusion, and fluctuating hydrodynamics for relativistic charged fluids. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:44:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/114659 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:44:00Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Springer International Publishing AG |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1146592022-09-27T21:32:27Z Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems Gao, Ping Liu, Hong Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Theoretical Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Liu, Hong Many physical processes we observe in nature involve variations of macroscopic quantities over spatial and temporal scales much larger than microscopic molecular collision scales and can be considered as in local thermal equilibrium. In this paper we show that any classical statistical system in local thermal equilibrium has an emergent supersymmetry at low energies. We use the framework of non-equilibrium effective field theory for quantum many-body systems defined on a closed time path contour and consider its classical limit. Unitarity of time evolution requires introducing anti-commuting degrees of freedom and BRST symmetry which survive in the classical limit. The local equilibrium is realized through a Z2 dynamical KMS symmetry. We show that supersymmetry is equivalent to the combination of BRST and a specific consequence of the dynamical KMS symmetry, to which we refer as the special dynamical KMS condition. In particular, we prove a theorem stating that a system satisfying the special dynamical KMS condition is always supersymmetrizable. We discuss a number of examples explicitly, including model A for dynamical critical phenomena, a hydrodynamic theory of nonlinear diffusion, and fluctuating hydrodynamics for relativistic charged fluids. United States. Department of Energy (DE-AC52-06NA25396) 2018-04-11T15:38:43Z 2018-04-11T15:38:43Z 2018-01 2018-01-12T05:27:20Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1029-8479 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114659 Gao, Ping and Liu, Hong. "Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems." Journal of High Energy Physics 2018 (January 2018): 40 © 2018 The Author(s) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4911-3183 en http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2018)040 Journal of High Energy Physics Creative Commons Attribution http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Author(s) application/pdf Springer International Publishing AG Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| spellingShingle | Gao, Ping Liu, Hong Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems |
| title | Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems |
| title_full | Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems |
| title_fullStr | Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems |
| title_short | Emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems |
| title_sort | emergent supersymmetry in local equilibrium systems |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114659 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4911-3183 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gaoping emergentsupersymmetryinlocalequilibriumsystems AT liuhong emergentsupersymmetryinlocalequilibriumsystems |