Self-organized stress patterns drive state transitions in actin cortices
Biological functions rely on ordered structures and intricately controlled collective dynamics. This order in living systems is typically established and sustained by continuous dissipation of energy. The emergence of collective patterns of motion is unique to nonequilibrium systems and is a manifes...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2018
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118760 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6246-882X https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1261-7465 |
| _version_ | 1811075598816116736 |
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| author | Tan, Tzer Han Malik-Garbi, Maya Abu-Shah, Enas Li, Junang Sharma, Abhinav MacKintosh, Fred C. Keren, Kinneret Schmidt, Christoph F. Fakhri, Nikta |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Tan, Tzer Han Malik-Garbi, Maya Abu-Shah, Enas Li, Junang Sharma, Abhinav MacKintosh, Fred C. Keren, Kinneret Schmidt, Christoph F. Fakhri, Nikta |
| author_sort | Tan, Tzer Han |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Biological functions rely on ordered structures and intricately controlled collective dynamics. This order in living systems is typically established and sustained by continuous dissipation of energy. The emergence of collective patterns of motion is unique to nonequilibrium systems and is a manifestation of dynamic steady states. Mechanical resilience of animal cells is largely controlled by the actomyosin cortex. The cortex provides stability but is, at the same time, highly adaptable due to rapid turnover of its components. Dynamic functions involve regulated transitions between different steady states of the cortex. We find that model actomyosin cortices, constructed to maintain turnover, self-organize into distinct nonequilibrium steady states when we vary cross-link density. The feedback between actin network structure and organization of stress-generating myosin motors defines the symmetries of the dynamic steady states. A marginally cross-linked state displays divergence-free long-range flow patterns. Higher cross-link density causes structural symmetry breaking, resulting in a stationary converging flow pattern. We track the flow patterns in the model actomyosin cortices using fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes as novel probes. The self-organization of stress patterns we have observed in a model system can have direct implications for biological functions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:08:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/118760 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:08:59Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1187602022-09-30T19:14:07Z Self-organized stress patterns drive state transitions in actin cortices Tan, Tzer Han Malik-Garbi, Maya Abu-Shah, Enas Li, Junang Sharma, Abhinav MacKintosh, Fred C. Keren, Kinneret Schmidt, Christoph F. Fakhri, Nikta Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Tan, Tzer Han Li, Junang Fakhri, Nikta Biological functions rely on ordered structures and intricately controlled collective dynamics. This order in living systems is typically established and sustained by continuous dissipation of energy. The emergence of collective patterns of motion is unique to nonequilibrium systems and is a manifestation of dynamic steady states. Mechanical resilience of animal cells is largely controlled by the actomyosin cortex. The cortex provides stability but is, at the same time, highly adaptable due to rapid turnover of its components. Dynamic functions involve regulated transitions between different steady states of the cortex. We find that model actomyosin cortices, constructed to maintain turnover, self-organize into distinct nonequilibrium steady states when we vary cross-link density. The feedback between actin network structure and organization of stress-generating myosin motors defines the symmetries of the dynamic steady states. A marginally cross-linked state displays divergence-free long-range flow patterns. Higher cross-link density causes structural symmetry breaking, resulting in a stationary converging flow pattern. We track the flow patterns in the model actomyosin cortices using fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes as novel probes. The self-organization of stress patterns we have observed in a model system can have direct implications for biological functions. Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (Research Fellowship) Human Frontier Science Program (Strasbourg, France) (Career Development Award) Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics 2018-10-25T14:07:52Z 2018-10-25T14:07:52Z 2018-06 2018-10-11T15:50:26Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 2375-2548 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118760 Tan, Tzer Han, et al. “Self-Organized Stress Patterns Drive State Transitions in Actin Cortices.” Science Advances, vol. 4, no. 6, June 2018, p. eaar2847. © 2018 the Authors https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6246-882X https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1261-7465 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aar2847 Science Advances Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ application/pdf American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Science Advances |
| spellingShingle | Tan, Tzer Han Malik-Garbi, Maya Abu-Shah, Enas Li, Junang Sharma, Abhinav MacKintosh, Fred C. Keren, Kinneret Schmidt, Christoph F. Fakhri, Nikta Self-organized stress patterns drive state transitions in actin cortices |
| title | Self-organized stress patterns drive state transitions in actin cortices |
| title_full | Self-organized stress patterns drive state transitions in actin cortices |
| title_fullStr | Self-organized stress patterns drive state transitions in actin cortices |
| title_full_unstemmed | Self-organized stress patterns drive state transitions in actin cortices |
| title_short | Self-organized stress patterns drive state transitions in actin cortices |
| title_sort | self organized stress patterns drive state transitions in actin cortices |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118760 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6246-882X https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1261-7465 |
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