Vapor Trapping Membrane for Reverse Osmosis
This paper presents a concept for desalination by reverse osmosis (RO) using a vapor-trapping membrane. The membrane is composed of hydrophobic nanopores and separates the feed salt water and the fresh water (permeate) side. The feed water is vaporized by applied pressure and the water vapor condens...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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ASME International
2018
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119798 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0588-9286 |
| _version_ | 1811091172549984256 |
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| author | Laoui, Tahar Lee, Jongho O'Hern, Sean C Karnik, Rohit |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering Laoui, Tahar Lee, Jongho O'Hern, Sean C Karnik, Rohit |
| author_sort | Laoui, Tahar |
| collection | MIT |
| description | This paper presents a concept for desalination by reverse osmosis (RO) using a vapor-trapping membrane. The membrane is composed of hydrophobic nanopores and separates the feed salt water and the fresh water (permeate) side. The feed water is vaporized by applied pressure and the water vapor condenses on the permeate side accompanied by recovery of latent heat. A probabilistic model was developed for transport of water vapor inside the nanopores, which predicted 3-5 times larger mass flux than conventional RO membranes at temperatures in the range of 30-50°C. An experimental method to realize short and hydrophobic nanopores is presented. Gold was deposited at the entrance of alumina pores followed by modification using an alkanethiol self-Assembled monolayer. The membranes were tested for defective or leaking pores using a calcium ion indicator (Fluo-4). This method revealed the existence of defect-free areas in the 100-200 μm size range that are sufficient for flux measurement. Finally, a microfluidic flow cell was created for characterizing the transport properties of the fabricated membranes. Topics: Vapors , Membranes , Reverse osmosis |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T14:58:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/119798 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T14:58:05Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | ASME International |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1197982022-09-29T11:45:15Z Vapor Trapping Membrane for Reverse Osmosis Laoui, Tahar Lee, Jongho O'Hern, Sean C Karnik, Rohit Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering Lee, Jongho O'Hern, Sean C Karnik, Rohit This paper presents a concept for desalination by reverse osmosis (RO) using a vapor-trapping membrane. The membrane is composed of hydrophobic nanopores and separates the feed salt water and the fresh water (permeate) side. The feed water is vaporized by applied pressure and the water vapor condenses on the permeate side accompanied by recovery of latent heat. A probabilistic model was developed for transport of water vapor inside the nanopores, which predicted 3-5 times larger mass flux than conventional RO membranes at temperatures in the range of 30-50°C. An experimental method to realize short and hydrophobic nanopores is presented. Gold was deposited at the entrance of alumina pores followed by modification using an alkanethiol self-Assembled monolayer. The membranes were tested for defective or leaking pores using a calcium ion indicator (Fluo-4). This method revealed the existence of defect-free areas in the 100-200 μm size range that are sufficient for flux measurement. Finally, a microfluidic flow cell was created for characterizing the transport properties of the fabricated membranes. Topics: Vapors , Membranes , Reverse osmosis Center for Clean Water and Clean Energy at MIT and KFUPM 2018-12-20T18:03:44Z 2018-12-20T18:03:44Z 2010-11 2018-12-06T14:53:00Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper 978-0-7918-4447-2 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119798 Lee, Jongho, Sean O’Hern, Rohit Karnik, and Tahar Laoui. “Vapor Trapping Membrane for Reverse Osmosis.” Proceedings of the ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition, 12-18 November, 2010, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, ASME, 2010. © 2010 by ASME. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0588-9286 http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2010-39242 Proceedings of the ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf ASME International ASME |
| spellingShingle | Laoui, Tahar Lee, Jongho O'Hern, Sean C Karnik, Rohit Vapor Trapping Membrane for Reverse Osmosis |
| title | Vapor Trapping Membrane for Reverse Osmosis |
| title_full | Vapor Trapping Membrane for Reverse Osmosis |
| title_fullStr | Vapor Trapping Membrane for Reverse Osmosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vapor Trapping Membrane for Reverse Osmosis |
| title_short | Vapor Trapping Membrane for Reverse Osmosis |
| title_sort | vapor trapping membrane for reverse osmosis |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119798 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0588-9286 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT laouitahar vaportrappingmembraneforreverseosmosis AT leejongho vaportrappingmembraneforreverseosmosis AT ohernseanc vaportrappingmembraneforreverseosmosis AT karnikrohit vaportrappingmembraneforreverseosmosis |