Swimming kinematics and efficiency of entangled North Atlantic right whales
Marine mammals are streamlined for efficient movement in their relatively viscous fluid environment and are able to alter their kinematics (i.e. fluke stroke frequency, amplitude, or both) in response to changes in force balance. Entanglement in fishing gear adds significant drag and buoyant forces...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Inter-Research Science Center
2019
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120036 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4960-7060 |
| _version_ | 1826197017335955456 |
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| author | van der Hoop, JM Nowacek, DP Moore, MJ Triantafyllou, Michael S |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering van der Hoop, JM Nowacek, DP Moore, MJ Triantafyllou, Michael S |
| author_sort | van der Hoop, JM |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Marine mammals are streamlined for efficient movement in their relatively viscous fluid environment and are able to alter their kinematics (i.e. fluke stroke frequency, amplitude, or both) in response to changes in force balance. Entanglement in fishing gear adds significant drag and buoyant forces that can impact swimming behaviors across a range of timescales. We deployed biologging tags during the disentanglement of 2 North Atlantic right whales Eubalaena glacialis to (1) examine how their kinematics changed in response to drag and buoyancy from entanglement in fishing gear, and (2) calculate resultant changes in swimming efficiency for one individual. We observed variable responses in dive behavior, but neither whale appeared to exploit added buoyancy to reduce energy expenditure. While some of the observed changes in behavior were individually specific, some swimming kinematics were consistently modulated in response to high drag and buoyancy associated with entangling gear, affecting thrust production. In high drag and buoyancy conditions, fluke strokes were significantly shorter and more variable in shape, and gliding was less frequent. Thrust and efficiency significantly differed among dive phases. Disentanglement reduced thrust coefficients ~4-fold, leading to 1.2 to 1.8-fold lower power (W). Ideal propulsive efficiency was significantly lower when entangled, though we detected no difference in observed propulsive efficiency between the conditions. Similar to carrying heavy objects or changing shoes, we present another condition where animals perceive unique movement constraints over seconds to minutes and develop compensatory strategies, altering their movement accordingly. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:41:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/120036 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:41:07Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | Inter-Research Science Center |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1200362022-09-30T22:17:14Z Swimming kinematics and efficiency of entangled North Atlantic right whales van der Hoop, JM Nowacek, DP Moore, MJ Triantafyllou, Michael S Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering Triantafyllou, Michael S Marine mammals are streamlined for efficient movement in their relatively viscous fluid environment and are able to alter their kinematics (i.e. fluke stroke frequency, amplitude, or both) in response to changes in force balance. Entanglement in fishing gear adds significant drag and buoyant forces that can impact swimming behaviors across a range of timescales. We deployed biologging tags during the disentanglement of 2 North Atlantic right whales Eubalaena glacialis to (1) examine how their kinematics changed in response to drag and buoyancy from entanglement in fishing gear, and (2) calculate resultant changes in swimming efficiency for one individual. We observed variable responses in dive behavior, but neither whale appeared to exploit added buoyancy to reduce energy expenditure. While some of the observed changes in behavior were individually specific, some swimming kinematics were consistently modulated in response to high drag and buoyancy associated with entangling gear, affecting thrust production. In high drag and buoyancy conditions, fluke strokes were significantly shorter and more variable in shape, and gliding was less frequent. Thrust and efficiency significantly differed among dive phases. Disentanglement reduced thrust coefficients ~4-fold, leading to 1.2 to 1.8-fold lower power (W). Ideal propulsive efficiency was significantly lower when entangled, though we detected no difference in observed propulsive efficiency between the conditions. Similar to carrying heavy objects or changing shoes, we present another condition where animals perceive unique movement constraints over seconds to minutes and develop compensatory strategies, altering their movement accordingly. 2019-01-14T19:37:35Z 2019-01-14T19:37:35Z 2016-10 2016-04 2019-01-08T13:46:15Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1863-5407 1613-4796 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120036 Van der Hoop, J. M. et al. “Swimming Kinematics and Efficiency of Entangled North Atlantic Right Whales.” Endangered Species Research 32 (January 2017): 1–17 © 2017 The Author(s) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4960-7060 http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ESR00781 Endangered Species Research Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf Inter-Research Science Center Endangered Species Research |
| spellingShingle | van der Hoop, JM Nowacek, DP Moore, MJ Triantafyllou, Michael S Swimming kinematics and efficiency of entangled North Atlantic right whales |
| title | Swimming kinematics and efficiency of entangled North Atlantic right whales |
| title_full | Swimming kinematics and efficiency of entangled North Atlantic right whales |
| title_fullStr | Swimming kinematics and efficiency of entangled North Atlantic right whales |
| title_full_unstemmed | Swimming kinematics and efficiency of entangled North Atlantic right whales |
| title_short | Swimming kinematics and efficiency of entangled North Atlantic right whales |
| title_sort | swimming kinematics and efficiency of entangled north atlantic right whales |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120036 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4960-7060 |
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