An Ultra-short Period Rocky Super-Earth with a Secondary Eclipse and a Neptune-like Companion around K2-141
Ultra-short period (USP) planets are a class of low-mass planets with periods shorter than one day. Their origin is still unknown, with photo-evaporation of mini-Neptunes and in situ formation being the most credited hypotheses. Formation scenarios differ radically in the predicted composition of US...
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| Format: | Article |
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American Astronomical Society
2019
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121206 |
| _version_ | 1811076501537292288 |
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| author | Malavolta, Luca Mayo, Andrew W. Louden, Tom Rajpaul, Vinesh M. Bonomo, Aldo S. Crossfield, Ian Jm Buchhave, Lars A. Kreidberg, Laura Kristiansen, Martti H. Lopez-Morales, Mercedes Mortier, Annelies Vanderburg, Andrew Coffinet, Adrien Ehrenreich, David Lovis, Christophe Bouchy, Francois Charbonneau, David Ciardi, David R. Cameron, Andrew Collier Cosentino, Rosario Damasso, Mario Dressing, Courtney D. Dumusque, Xavier Everett, Mark E. Figueira, Pedro Fiorenzano, Aldo F. M. Gonzales, Erica J. Haywood, Raphaëlle D. Harutyunyan, Avet Hirsch, Lea Howell, Steve B. Johnson, John Asher Latham, David W. Lopez, Eric Mayor, Michel Micela, Giusi Molinari, Emilio Nascimbeni, Valerio Pepe, Francesco Phillips, David F. Piotto, Giampaolo Rice, Ken Sasselov, Dimitar Ségransan, Damien Sozzetti, Alessandro Udry, Stéphane Watson, Chris |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Malavolta, Luca Mayo, Andrew W. Louden, Tom Rajpaul, Vinesh M. Bonomo, Aldo S. Crossfield, Ian Jm Buchhave, Lars A. Kreidberg, Laura Kristiansen, Martti H. Lopez-Morales, Mercedes Mortier, Annelies Vanderburg, Andrew Coffinet, Adrien Ehrenreich, David Lovis, Christophe Bouchy, Francois Charbonneau, David Ciardi, David R. Cameron, Andrew Collier Cosentino, Rosario Damasso, Mario Dressing, Courtney D. Dumusque, Xavier Everett, Mark E. Figueira, Pedro Fiorenzano, Aldo F. M. Gonzales, Erica J. Haywood, Raphaëlle D. Harutyunyan, Avet Hirsch, Lea Howell, Steve B. Johnson, John Asher Latham, David W. Lopez, Eric Mayor, Michel Micela, Giusi Molinari, Emilio Nascimbeni, Valerio Pepe, Francesco Phillips, David F. Piotto, Giampaolo Rice, Ken Sasselov, Dimitar Ségransan, Damien Sozzetti, Alessandro Udry, Stéphane Watson, Chris |
| author_sort | Malavolta, Luca |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Ultra-short period (USP) planets are a class of low-mass planets with periods shorter than one day. Their origin is still unknown, with photo-evaporation of mini-Neptunes and in situ formation being the most credited hypotheses. Formation scenarios differ radically in the predicted composition of USP planets, and it is therefore extremely important to increase the still limited sample of USP planets with precise and accurate mass and density measurements. We report here the characterization of a USP planet with a period of 0.28 days around K2-141 (EPIC 246393474), and the validation of an outer planet with a period of 7.7 days in a grazing transit configuration. We derived the radii of the planets from the K2 light curve and used high-precision radial velocities gathered with the HARPS-N spectrograph for mass measurements. For K2-141b, we thus inferred a radius of 1.51 ±0.05 R and a mass of 5.08 ±0.41 M, consistent with a rocky composition and lack of a thick atmosphere. K2-141c is likely a Neptune-like planet, although due to the grazing transits and the non-detection in the RV data set, we were not able to put a strong constraint on its density. We also report the detection of secondary eclipses and phase curve variations for K2-141b. The phase variation can be modeled either by a planet with a geometric albedo of 0.30 ±0.06 in the Kepler bandpass, or by thermal emission from the surface of the planet at ∼3000 K. Only follow-up observations at longer wavelengths will allow us to distinguish between these two scenarios. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:22:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/121206 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:22:51Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | American Astronomical Society |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1212062019-06-05T03:03:20Z An Ultra-short Period Rocky Super-Earth with a Secondary Eclipse and a Neptune-like Companion around K2-141 Malavolta, Luca Mayo, Andrew W. Louden, Tom Rajpaul, Vinesh M. Bonomo, Aldo S. Crossfield, Ian Jm Buchhave, Lars A. Kreidberg, Laura Kristiansen, Martti H. Lopez-Morales, Mercedes Mortier, Annelies Vanderburg, Andrew Coffinet, Adrien Ehrenreich, David Lovis, Christophe Bouchy, Francois Charbonneau, David Ciardi, David R. Cameron, Andrew Collier Cosentino, Rosario Damasso, Mario Dressing, Courtney D. Dumusque, Xavier Everett, Mark E. Figueira, Pedro Fiorenzano, Aldo F. M. Gonzales, Erica J. Haywood, Raphaëlle D. Harutyunyan, Avet Hirsch, Lea Howell, Steve B. Johnson, John Asher Latham, David W. Lopez, Eric Mayor, Michel Micela, Giusi Molinari, Emilio Nascimbeni, Valerio Pepe, Francesco Phillips, David F. Piotto, Giampaolo Rice, Ken Sasselov, Dimitar Ségransan, Damien Sozzetti, Alessandro Udry, Stéphane Watson, Chris Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Ultra-short period (USP) planets are a class of low-mass planets with periods shorter than one day. Their origin is still unknown, with photo-evaporation of mini-Neptunes and in situ formation being the most credited hypotheses. Formation scenarios differ radically in the predicted composition of USP planets, and it is therefore extremely important to increase the still limited sample of USP planets with precise and accurate mass and density measurements. We report here the characterization of a USP planet with a period of 0.28 days around K2-141 (EPIC 246393474), and the validation of an outer planet with a period of 7.7 days in a grazing transit configuration. We derived the radii of the planets from the K2 light curve and used high-precision radial velocities gathered with the HARPS-N spectrograph for mass measurements. For K2-141b, we thus inferred a radius of 1.51 ±0.05 R and a mass of 5.08 ±0.41 M, consistent with a rocky composition and lack of a thick atmosphere. K2-141c is likely a Neptune-like planet, although due to the grazing transits and the non-detection in the RV data set, we were not able to put a strong constraint on its density. We also report the detection of secondary eclipses and phase curve variations for K2-141b. The phase variation can be modeled either by a planet with a geometric albedo of 0.30 ±0.06 in the Kepler bandpass, or by thermal emission from the surface of the planet at ∼3000 K. Only follow-up observations at longer wavelengths will allow us to distinguish between these two scenarios. United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Grant NNX15AC90G) United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Grant NNX17AB59G) 2019-06-04T19:58:00Z 2019-06-04T19:58:00Z 2019-03-15T18:50:21Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1538-3881 0004-6256 https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121206 Malavolta, Luca et al. “An Ultra-Short Period Rocky Super-Earth with a Secondary Eclipse and a Neptune-Like Companion Around K2-141.” The Astronomical Journal 155, 3 (February 2018): 107 © 2018 American Astronomical Society http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/AAA5B5 Astronomical Journal Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf American Astronomical Society The Astrophysical Journal |
| spellingShingle | Malavolta, Luca Mayo, Andrew W. Louden, Tom Rajpaul, Vinesh M. Bonomo, Aldo S. Crossfield, Ian Jm Buchhave, Lars A. Kreidberg, Laura Kristiansen, Martti H. Lopez-Morales, Mercedes Mortier, Annelies Vanderburg, Andrew Coffinet, Adrien Ehrenreich, David Lovis, Christophe Bouchy, Francois Charbonneau, David Ciardi, David R. Cameron, Andrew Collier Cosentino, Rosario Damasso, Mario Dressing, Courtney D. Dumusque, Xavier Everett, Mark E. Figueira, Pedro Fiorenzano, Aldo F. M. Gonzales, Erica J. Haywood, Raphaëlle D. Harutyunyan, Avet Hirsch, Lea Howell, Steve B. Johnson, John Asher Latham, David W. Lopez, Eric Mayor, Michel Micela, Giusi Molinari, Emilio Nascimbeni, Valerio Pepe, Francesco Phillips, David F. Piotto, Giampaolo Rice, Ken Sasselov, Dimitar Ségransan, Damien Sozzetti, Alessandro Udry, Stéphane Watson, Chris An Ultra-short Period Rocky Super-Earth with a Secondary Eclipse and a Neptune-like Companion around K2-141 |
| title | An Ultra-short Period Rocky Super-Earth with a Secondary Eclipse and a Neptune-like Companion around K2-141 |
| title_full | An Ultra-short Period Rocky Super-Earth with a Secondary Eclipse and a Neptune-like Companion around K2-141 |
| title_fullStr | An Ultra-short Period Rocky Super-Earth with a Secondary Eclipse and a Neptune-like Companion around K2-141 |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Ultra-short Period Rocky Super-Earth with a Secondary Eclipse and a Neptune-like Companion around K2-141 |
| title_short | An Ultra-short Period Rocky Super-Earth with a Secondary Eclipse and a Neptune-like Companion around K2-141 |
| title_sort | ultra short period rocky super earth with a secondary eclipse and a neptune like companion around k2 141 |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121206 |
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