Ultracold bosons in optical lattices for quantum measurement and simulation
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | eng |
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2020
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123353 |
| _version_ | 1826217934935031808 |
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| author | Burton, William Cody. |
| author2 | Wolfgang Ketterle. |
| author_facet | Wolfgang Ketterle. Burton, William Cody. |
| author_sort | Burton, William Cody. |
| collection | MIT |
| description | This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T17:11:23Z |
| format | Thesis |
| id | mit-1721.1/123353 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T17:11:23Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1233532020-01-09T03:00:18Z Ultracold bosons in optical lattices for quantum measurement and simulation Burton, William Cody. Wolfgang Ketterle. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Physics. This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections. Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 2019 Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references (pages 131-139). Ultracold atoms provide a platform that allows for pristine control of a physical system, and have found uses in both the fields of quantum measurement and quantum simulation. Optical lattices, created by the AC Stark shift of a coherent laser beam, are a versatile tool to control ultracold atoms and implement novel Hamiltonians. In this thesis, I report on three experiments using the bosonic species Rubidium-87 trapped in optical lattices. I first discuss our work in simulating the Harper-Hofstadter Hamiltonian, which describes charged particles in high magnetic fields, and has connections to topological physics. To simulate the charged particles, we use laser-assisted tunneling to add a complex phase to tunneling in the optical lattice. For the first time, we have condensed bosons into the ground state of the Harper-Hofstadter Hamiltonian. In addition, we have demonstrated that we can add strong on-site interactions to the effective Hamiltonian, opening the door to studies of interesting states near the Mott insulator transition. Next, I present a novel technique to preserve phase coherence between separated quantum systems, called superfluid shielding. Phase coherence is important for both quantum measurement and simulation, and is fundamentally limited by projection noise. When an interacting quantum system is split, frozen-in number fluctuations lead to fluctuations of the relative phase between separated subsystems. We cancel the effect of these fluctuations by immersing the separated subsystems in a common superfluid bath, and demonstrate that we can increase coherence lifetime beyond the projection noise limit. Finally, I discuss our efforts in simulating magnetic ordering in the spin-1 Heisen- berg Hamiltonian. It is hard to adiabatically ramp into magnetically ordered ground states, because they often have gapless excitations. Instead, we use a spin-dependent lattice to modify interspin interactions, allowing us to ramp into the spin Mott insulator, which has a gap and can therefore act as a cold starting point for exploration of the rest of the phase diagram. We have achieved a cold spin temperature in the spin Mott insulator, and I discuss plans to also achieve a cold charge temperature and then ramp to the the xy-ferromagnet, which has spin-charge separation. by William Cody Burton. Ph. D. Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics 2020-01-08T19:32:29Z 2020-01-08T19:32:29Z 2019 2019 Thesis https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123353 1132805718 eng MIT theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed, downloaded, or printed from this source but further reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582 139 pages application/pdf Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| spellingShingle | Physics. Burton, William Cody. Ultracold bosons in optical lattices for quantum measurement and simulation |
| title | Ultracold bosons in optical lattices for quantum measurement and simulation |
| title_full | Ultracold bosons in optical lattices for quantum measurement and simulation |
| title_fullStr | Ultracold bosons in optical lattices for quantum measurement and simulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultracold bosons in optical lattices for quantum measurement and simulation |
| title_short | Ultracold bosons in optical lattices for quantum measurement and simulation |
| title_sort | ultracold bosons in optical lattices for quantum measurement and simulation |
| topic | Physics. |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123353 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT burtonwilliamcody ultracoldbosonsinopticallatticesforquantummeasurementandsimulation |