Modeling Near Critical and Supercritical Fuel Injection and Mixing in Gas Turbine Applications
This paper presents a numerical framework for characterizing fuel injection in modern combustors. The approach utilizes scaling analysis to describe the droplet evaporation in non-dimensional and fluid-independent terms. The results of the model are validated against published experimental data of i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society of Mechanical Engineers
2020
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123675 |
| _version_ | 1811090799247491072 |
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| author | Lettieri, Claudio Subashki, G. Spakovszky, Zoltan S |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Gas Turbine Laboratory |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Gas Turbine Laboratory Lettieri, Claudio Subashki, G. Spakovszky, Zoltan S |
| author_sort | Lettieri, Claudio |
| collection | MIT |
| description | This paper presents a numerical framework for characterizing fuel injection in modern combustors. The approach utilizes scaling analysis to describe the droplet evaporation in non-dimensional and fluid-independent terms. The results of the model are validated against published experimental data of isolated droplets evaporating at subcritical and near-critical conditions. The model is incorporated in a spray calculation framework and extended to the supercritical regime to assess the impact of different fluid-properties and evaporation models on temperature and fuel vapor distributions.
The results suggest that in a non-convective environment the transient and quasi-steady evaporation rates vary exponentially with Lewis number. Furthermore, the results show fluid-independent behavior of the droplet evaporation, indicating that a single-component fluid can potentially be used as a modeling surrogate for jet fuel. The first-principles analysis demonstrates that classical evaporation models overestimate transient evaporation and underestimate quasi-steady evaporation, with discrepancies up to 70% at supercritical conditions. This is due to limitations in fuel-property description and the lack of non-isothermal droplet characterization at near-critical conditions. The temperature profiles are typically under-predicted and fuel vapor concentrations are over-predicted in standard spray calculations with subcritical evaporation models. As such the proposed framework breaks new ground in modeling of supercritical fuel injection. The improved quality in the predicted fuel concentration and temperature distribution can enable more accurate assessment of flame position, improving the estimation of combustion stability margins and NOx emissions. The model can be incorporated in commercial codes to guide the design of combustors operating at supercritical conditions. Keywords: fuels; gas turbines; modeling; evaporation; drops; fluids; combustion chambers; sprays; transients (dynamics); vapors; combustion; design; emissions; flames; jet fuels; nitrogen oxides; stability; temperature; temperature distribution; Temperature profiles |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T14:52:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/123675 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T14:52:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | American Society of Mechanical Engineers |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1236752022-10-01T23:02:25Z Modeling Near Critical and Supercritical Fuel Injection and Mixing in Gas Turbine Applications Lettieri, Claudio Subashki, G. Spakovszky, Zoltan S Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Gas Turbine Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics This paper presents a numerical framework for characterizing fuel injection in modern combustors. The approach utilizes scaling analysis to describe the droplet evaporation in non-dimensional and fluid-independent terms. The results of the model are validated against published experimental data of isolated droplets evaporating at subcritical and near-critical conditions. The model is incorporated in a spray calculation framework and extended to the supercritical regime to assess the impact of different fluid-properties and evaporation models on temperature and fuel vapor distributions. The results suggest that in a non-convective environment the transient and quasi-steady evaporation rates vary exponentially with Lewis number. Furthermore, the results show fluid-independent behavior of the droplet evaporation, indicating that a single-component fluid can potentially be used as a modeling surrogate for jet fuel. The first-principles analysis demonstrates that classical evaporation models overestimate transient evaporation and underestimate quasi-steady evaporation, with discrepancies up to 70% at supercritical conditions. This is due to limitations in fuel-property description and the lack of non-isothermal droplet characterization at near-critical conditions. The temperature profiles are typically under-predicted and fuel vapor concentrations are over-predicted in standard spray calculations with subcritical evaporation models. As such the proposed framework breaks new ground in modeling of supercritical fuel injection. The improved quality in the predicted fuel concentration and temperature distribution can enable more accurate assessment of flame position, improving the estimation of combustion stability margins and NOx emissions. The model can be incorporated in commercial codes to guide the design of combustors operating at supercritical conditions. Keywords: fuels; gas turbines; modeling; evaporation; drops; fluids; combustion chambers; sprays; transients (dynamics); vapors; combustion; design; emissions; flames; jet fuels; nitrogen oxides; stability; temperature; temperature distribution; Temperature profiles 2020-01-24T15:59:39Z 2020-01-24T15:59:39Z 2018-08 2019-11-01T16:29:48Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper 9780791851050 https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123675 Lettieri, Claudio et al. "Modeling Near Critical and Supercritical Fuel Injection and Mixing in Gas Turbine Applications." Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, June 11-15, 2018, Oslo, Norway. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. en http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-75195 Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME |
| spellingShingle | Lettieri, Claudio Subashki, G. Spakovszky, Zoltan S Modeling Near Critical and Supercritical Fuel Injection and Mixing in Gas Turbine Applications |
| title | Modeling Near Critical and Supercritical Fuel Injection and Mixing in Gas Turbine Applications |
| title_full | Modeling Near Critical and Supercritical Fuel Injection and Mixing in Gas Turbine Applications |
| title_fullStr | Modeling Near Critical and Supercritical Fuel Injection and Mixing in Gas Turbine Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modeling Near Critical and Supercritical Fuel Injection and Mixing in Gas Turbine Applications |
| title_short | Modeling Near Critical and Supercritical Fuel Injection and Mixing in Gas Turbine Applications |
| title_sort | modeling near critical and supercritical fuel injection and mixing in gas turbine applications |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123675 |
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