Energetics of optimal undulatory swimming organisms
Energy consumption is one of the primary considerations in animal locomotion. In swimming locomotion, a number of questions related to swimming energetics of an organism and how the energetic quantities scale with body size remain open, largely due to the difficulties with modeling and measuring the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2020
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124476 |
| _version_ | 1826196411208695808 |
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| author | Tokić, Grgur Yue, Dick K. P. |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokić, Grgur Yue, Dick K. P. |
| author_sort | Tokić, Grgur |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Energy consumption is one of the primary considerations in animal locomotion. In swimming locomotion, a number of questions related to swimming energetics of an organism and how the energetic quantities scale with body size remain open, largely due to the difficulties with modeling and measuring the power production and consumption. Based on a comprehensive theoretical framework that incorporates cyclic muscle behavior, structural dynamics and swimming hydrodynamics, we perform extensive computational simulations and show that many of the outstanding problems in swimming energetics can be explained by considering the coupling between hydrodynamics and muscle contraction characteristics, as well as the trade-offs between the conflicting performance goals of sustained swimming speed U and cost of transport COT. Our results lead to three main conclusions: (1) in contrast to previous hypotheses, achieving optimal values of U and COT is independent of producing maximal power or efficiency; (2) muscle efficiency in swimming, in contrast to that in flying or running, decreases with increasing body size, consistent with muscle contraction characteristics; (3) the long-standing problem of two disparate patterns of longitudinal power output distributions in swimming fish can be reconciled by relating the two patterns to U-optimal or COT-optimal swimmers, respectively. We also provide further evidence that the use of tendons in caudal regions is beneficial from an energetic perspective. Our conclusions explain and unify many existing observations and are supported by computational data covering nine orders of magnitude in body size. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:26:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/124476 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:26:25Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1244762022-09-26T17:54:40Z Energetics of optimal undulatory swimming organisms Tokić, Grgur Yue, Dick K. P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering Ecology Modelling and Simulation Computational Theory and Mathematics Genetics Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Molecular Biology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Energy consumption is one of the primary considerations in animal locomotion. In swimming locomotion, a number of questions related to swimming energetics of an organism and how the energetic quantities scale with body size remain open, largely due to the difficulties with modeling and measuring the power production and consumption. Based on a comprehensive theoretical framework that incorporates cyclic muscle behavior, structural dynamics and swimming hydrodynamics, we perform extensive computational simulations and show that many of the outstanding problems in swimming energetics can be explained by considering the coupling between hydrodynamics and muscle contraction characteristics, as well as the trade-offs between the conflicting performance goals of sustained swimming speed U and cost of transport COT. Our results lead to three main conclusions: (1) in contrast to previous hypotheses, achieving optimal values of U and COT is independent of producing maximal power or efficiency; (2) muscle efficiency in swimming, in contrast to that in flying or running, decreases with increasing body size, consistent with muscle contraction characteristics; (3) the long-standing problem of two disparate patterns of longitudinal power output distributions in swimming fish can be reconciled by relating the two patterns to U-optimal or COT-optimal swimmers, respectively. We also provide further evidence that the use of tendons in caudal regions is beneficial from an energetic perspective. Our conclusions explain and unify many existing observations and are supported by computational data covering nine orders of magnitude in body size. 2020-04-02T13:44:53Z 2020-04-02T13:44:53Z 2019-10-31 2020-02-10T20:05:55Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1553-7358 https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124476 Tokić, Grgur and Dick K. P. Yue. "Energetics of optimal undulatory swimming organisms." PloS one 15 (2019): e1007387 © 2019 The Author(s) en 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007387 PloS one Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf Public Library of Science (PLoS) PLoS |
| spellingShingle | Ecology Modelling and Simulation Computational Theory and Mathematics Genetics Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Molecular Biology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Tokić, Grgur Yue, Dick K. P. Energetics of optimal undulatory swimming organisms |
| title | Energetics of optimal undulatory swimming organisms |
| title_full | Energetics of optimal undulatory swimming organisms |
| title_fullStr | Energetics of optimal undulatory swimming organisms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Energetics of optimal undulatory swimming organisms |
| title_short | Energetics of optimal undulatory swimming organisms |
| title_sort | energetics of optimal undulatory swimming organisms |
| topic | Ecology Modelling and Simulation Computational Theory and Mathematics Genetics Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Molecular Biology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124476 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tokicgrgur energeticsofoptimalundulatoryswimmingorganisms AT yuedickkp energeticsofoptimalundulatoryswimmingorganisms |