Effect of Nonideal Solution Behavior on Desalination of a Sodium Chloride Solution and Comparison to Seawater
Proper evaluation of the Gibbs free energy and other properties of seawater and other aqueous solutions is essential in the analysis of desalination systems. Standard seawater has been studied extensively and property data are readily accessible. However, many aqueous solutions requiring desalinatio...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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ASME International
2020
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124612 |
| _version_ | 1826211945332604928 |
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| author | Mistry, Karan H. Lienhard, John H |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering Mistry, Karan H. Lienhard, John H |
| author_sort | Mistry, Karan H. |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Proper evaluation of the Gibbs free energy and other properties of seawater and other aqueous solutions is essential in the analysis of desalination systems. Standard seawater has been studied extensively and property data are readily accessible. However, many aqueous solutions requiring desalination have significantly different compositions from seawater and seawater data are generally not accurate for these solutions. Experimental data for a given aqueous solution may be unavailable under the conditions of interest. Therefore, there is a need to model relevant physical properties from chemical thermodynamic principles. In particular, for solutions that are not ideal, the activity and fugacity coefficients must be considered. In this paper, the effect of nonidealities in sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions is considered through a parametric study of the least work of separation for a desalination system. This study is used to determine the conditions under which the ideal solution approximation is valid and also to determine when an NaCl solution is a good approximation to standard seawater. It is found that the ideal solution approximation is reasonable within ranges of salinities and recovery ratios typical of those found in the seawater desalination industry because many of the nonidealities cancel out, but not because the solution behaves ideally. Additionally, it is found that NaCl solutions closely approximate natural seawater only at salinities typically found in seawater and not for salinities found in typical brackish waters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T15:13:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/124612 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T15:13:54Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | ASME International |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1246122024-03-15T15:29:09Z Effect of Nonideal Solution Behavior on Desalination of a Sodium Chloride Solution and Comparison to Seawater Mistry, Karan H. Lienhard, John H Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering Proper evaluation of the Gibbs free energy and other properties of seawater and other aqueous solutions is essential in the analysis of desalination systems. Standard seawater has been studied extensively and property data are readily accessible. However, many aqueous solutions requiring desalination have significantly different compositions from seawater and seawater data are generally not accurate for these solutions. Experimental data for a given aqueous solution may be unavailable under the conditions of interest. Therefore, there is a need to model relevant physical properties from chemical thermodynamic principles. In particular, for solutions that are not ideal, the activity and fugacity coefficients must be considered. In this paper, the effect of nonidealities in sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions is considered through a parametric study of the least work of separation for a desalination system. This study is used to determine the conditions under which the ideal solution approximation is valid and also to determine when an NaCl solution is a good approximation to standard seawater. It is found that the ideal solution approximation is reasonable within ranges of salinities and recovery ratios typical of those found in the seawater desalination industry because many of the nonidealities cancel out, but not because the solution behaves ideally. Additionally, it is found that NaCl solutions closely approximate natural seawater only at salinities typically found in seawater and not for salinities found in typical brackish waters. 2020-04-14T14:12:06Z 2020-04-14T14:12:06Z 2013-12 2020-04-13T19:18:39Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1528-8994 0195-0738 https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124612 Mistry, Karan H. and John H. Lienhard V, "Effect of Nonideal Solution Behavior on Desalination of a Sodium Chloride Solution and Comparison to Seawater." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 135, 4 (December 2013): 042003 doi 10.1115/1.4024544 ©2013 en 10.1115/1.4024544 Journal of Energy Resources Technology Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf ASME International ASME |
| spellingShingle | Mistry, Karan H. Lienhard, John H Effect of Nonideal Solution Behavior on Desalination of a Sodium Chloride Solution and Comparison to Seawater |
| title | Effect of Nonideal Solution Behavior on Desalination of a Sodium Chloride Solution and Comparison to Seawater |
| title_full | Effect of Nonideal Solution Behavior on Desalination of a Sodium Chloride Solution and Comparison to Seawater |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Nonideal Solution Behavior on Desalination of a Sodium Chloride Solution and Comparison to Seawater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Nonideal Solution Behavior on Desalination of a Sodium Chloride Solution and Comparison to Seawater |
| title_short | Effect of Nonideal Solution Behavior on Desalination of a Sodium Chloride Solution and Comparison to Seawater |
| title_sort | effect of nonideal solution behavior on desalination of a sodium chloride solution and comparison to seawater |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124612 |
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