Increase in global emissions of HFC-23 despite near-total expected reductions
Under the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, new controls are being implemented to reduce emissions of HFC-23 (CHF3), a by-product during the manufacture of HCFC-22 (CHClF2). Starting in 2015, China and India, who dominate global HCFC-22 production (75% in 2017), set out ambitious programs t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer Science and Business Media LLC
2020
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124686 |
| _version_ | 1826198549368406016 |
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| author | Prinn, Ronald G. |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Global Change Science |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Global Change Science Prinn, Ronald G. |
| author_sort | Prinn, Ronald G. |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Under the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, new controls are being implemented to reduce emissions of HFC-23 (CHF3), a by-product during the manufacture of HCFC-22 (CHClF2). Starting in 2015, China and India, who dominate global HCFC-22 production (75% in 2017), set out ambitious programs to reduce HFC-23 emissions. Here, we estimate that these measures should have seen global emissions drop by 87% between 2014 and 2017. Instead, atmospheric observations show that emissions have increased and in 2018 were higher than at any point in history (15.9 ±0.9Ggyr−1). Given the magnitude of the discrepancy between expected and observation-inferred emissions, it is likely that the reported reductions have not fully materialized or there may be substantial unreported production of HCFC-22, resulting in unaccounted-for HFC-23 by-product emissions. The difference between reported and observation-inferred estimates suggests that an additional ~309 Tg CO 2-equivalent emissions were added to the atmosphere between 2015 and 2017. ©2020 |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:06:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/124686 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:06:37Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1246862022-09-27T17:13:10Z Increase in global emissions of HFC-23 despite near-total expected reductions Prinn, Ronald G. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Global Change Science Under the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, new controls are being implemented to reduce emissions of HFC-23 (CHF3), a by-product during the manufacture of HCFC-22 (CHClF2). Starting in 2015, China and India, who dominate global HCFC-22 production (75% in 2017), set out ambitious programs to reduce HFC-23 emissions. Here, we estimate that these measures should have seen global emissions drop by 87% between 2014 and 2017. Instead, atmospheric observations show that emissions have increased and in 2018 were higher than at any point in history (15.9 ±0.9Ggyr−1). Given the magnitude of the discrepancy between expected and observation-inferred emissions, it is likely that the reported reductions have not fully materialized or there may be substantial unreported production of HCFC-22, resulting in unaccounted-for HFC-23 by-product emissions. The difference between reported and observation-inferred estimates suggests that an additional ~309 Tg CO 2-equivalent emissions were added to the atmosphere between 2015 and 2017. ©2020 2020-04-16T14:02:27Z 2020-04-16T14:02:27Z 2020-01 2020-04-07T12:10:32Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 2041-1723 https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124686 Stanley, K.M., et al., "Increase in global emissions of HFC-23 despite near-total expected reductions." Nature communications 11, 1 (January 2020): no. 397 doi 10.1038/s41467-019-13899-4 ©2020 Author(s) en 10.1038/s41467-019-13899-4 Nature communications Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf Springer Science and Business Media LLC Nature |
| spellingShingle | Prinn, Ronald G. Increase in global emissions of HFC-23 despite near-total expected reductions |
| title | Increase in global emissions of HFC-23 despite near-total expected reductions |
| title_full | Increase in global emissions of HFC-23 despite near-total expected reductions |
| title_fullStr | Increase in global emissions of HFC-23 despite near-total expected reductions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Increase in global emissions of HFC-23 despite near-total expected reductions |
| title_short | Increase in global emissions of HFC-23 despite near-total expected reductions |
| title_sort | increase in global emissions of hfc 23 despite near total expected reductions |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124686 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT prinnronaldg increaseinglobalemissionsofhfc23despiteneartotalexpectedreductions |