Contrasting Controls on Microzooplankton Grazing and Viral Infection of Microbial Prey
The encounter and capture of bacteria and phytoplankton by microbial predators and parasites is fundamental to marine ecosystem organization and activity. Here, we combined classic biophysical models with published laboratory measurements to infer functional traits, including encounter kernel and ca...
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media SA
2020
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/125213 |
| _version_ | 1826194756611342336 |
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| author | Follows, Michael J. |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Follows, Michael J. |
| author_sort | Follows, Michael J. |
| collection | MIT |
| description | The encounter and capture of bacteria and phytoplankton by microbial predators and parasites is fundamental to marine ecosystem organization and activity. Here, we combined classic biophysical models with published laboratory measurements to infer functional traits, including encounter kernel and capture efficiency, for a wide range of marine viruses and microzooplankton grazers. Despite virus particles being orders of magnitude smaller than microzooplankton grazers, virus encounter kernels and adsorption rates were in many cases comparable in magnitude to grazer encounter kernel and clearance, pointing to Brownian motion as a highly effective method of transport for viruses. Inferred virus adsorption efficiency covered many orders of magnitude, but the median virus adsorption efficiency was between 5 and 25% depending on the assumed host swimming speed. Uncertainty on predator detection area and swimming speed prevented robust inference of grazer capture efficiency, but sensitivity analysis was used to identify bounds on unconstrained processes. These results provide a common functional trait framework for understanding marine host-virus and predator-prey interactions, and highlight the value of theory for interpreting measured life-history traits. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:01:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/125213 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:01:18Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1252132022-09-26T15:14:22Z Contrasting Controls on Microzooplankton Grazing and Viral Infection of Microbial Prey Follows, Michael J. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences The encounter and capture of bacteria and phytoplankton by microbial predators and parasites is fundamental to marine ecosystem organization and activity. Here, we combined classic biophysical models with published laboratory measurements to infer functional traits, including encounter kernel and capture efficiency, for a wide range of marine viruses and microzooplankton grazers. Despite virus particles being orders of magnitude smaller than microzooplankton grazers, virus encounter kernels and adsorption rates were in many cases comparable in magnitude to grazer encounter kernel and clearance, pointing to Brownian motion as a highly effective method of transport for viruses. Inferred virus adsorption efficiency covered many orders of magnitude, but the median virus adsorption efficiency was between 5 and 25% depending on the assumed host swimming speed. Uncertainty on predator detection area and swimming speed prevented robust inference of grazer capture efficiency, but sensitivity analysis was used to identify bounds on unconstrained processes. These results provide a common functional trait framework for understanding marine host-virus and predator-prey interactions, and highlight the value of theory for interpreting measured life-history traits. National Science Foundation (U.S.). Division of Ocean Sciences. Biological Oceanography (Grant 1536521) Simons Foundation (SCOPE Award ID 329108) Simons Foundation. Simons Collaboration on Computational Biogeochemical Modeling of Marine Ecosystems (Award 549931) 2020-05-13T17:12:25Z 2020-05-13T17:12:25Z 2019-04 2020-01-21T17:19:08Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 2296-7745 https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/125213 Talmy, David et al. “Contrasting Controls on Microzooplankton Grazing and Viral Infection of Microbial Prey.” Frontiers in marine science 6 (2019): article 182 © 2019 The Author(s) en 10.3389/FMARS.2019.00182 Frontiers in marine science Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf Frontiers Media SA Frontiers |
| spellingShingle | Follows, Michael J. Contrasting Controls on Microzooplankton Grazing and Viral Infection of Microbial Prey |
| title | Contrasting Controls on Microzooplankton Grazing and Viral Infection of Microbial Prey |
| title_full | Contrasting Controls on Microzooplankton Grazing and Viral Infection of Microbial Prey |
| title_fullStr | Contrasting Controls on Microzooplankton Grazing and Viral Infection of Microbial Prey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Contrasting Controls on Microzooplankton Grazing and Viral Infection of Microbial Prey |
| title_short | Contrasting Controls on Microzooplankton Grazing and Viral Infection of Microbial Prey |
| title_sort | contrasting controls on microzooplankton grazing and viral infection of microbial prey |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/125213 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT followsmichaelj contrastingcontrolsonmicrozooplanktongrazingandviralinfectionofmicrobialprey |