Pyruvate Kinase Regulates the Pentose-Phosphate Pathway in Response to Hypoxia in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
In response to the stress of infection, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) reprograms its metabolism to accommodate nutrient and energetic demands in a changing environment. Pyruvate kinase (PYK) is an essential glycolytic enzyme in the phosphoenolpyruvate–pyruvate–oxaloacetate node that is a central...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Elsevier BV
2020
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/125907 |
| _version_ | 1811077260309954560 |
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| author | Zhong, Wenhe Guo, Jingjing Cui, Liang Chionh, Yok Hian Li, Kuohan El Sahili, Abbas Cai, Qixu Yuan, Meng Michels, Paul A.M. Fothergill-Gilmore, Linda A. Walkinshaw, Malcolm D. Mu, Yuguang Lescar, Julien Dedon, Peter C |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering Zhong, Wenhe Guo, Jingjing Cui, Liang Chionh, Yok Hian Li, Kuohan El Sahili, Abbas Cai, Qixu Yuan, Meng Michels, Paul A.M. Fothergill-Gilmore, Linda A. Walkinshaw, Malcolm D. Mu, Yuguang Lescar, Julien Dedon, Peter C |
| author_sort | Zhong, Wenhe |
| collection | MIT |
| description | In response to the stress of infection, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) reprograms its metabolism to accommodate nutrient and energetic demands in a changing environment. Pyruvate kinase (PYK) is an essential glycolytic enzyme in the phosphoenolpyruvate–pyruvate–oxaloacetate node that is a central switch point for carbon flux distribution. Here we show that the competitive binding of pentose monophosphate inhibitors or the activator glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) to MtbPYK tightly regulates the metabolic flux. Intriguingly, pentose monophosphates were found to share the same binding site with G6P. The determination of a crystal structure of MtbPYK with bound ribose 5-phosphate (R5P), combined with biochemical analyses and molecular dynamic simulations, revealed that the allosteric inhibitor pentose monophosphate increases PYK structural dynamics, weakens the structural network communication, and impairs substrate binding. G6P, on the other hand, primes and activates the tetramer by decreasing protein flexibility and strengthening allosteric coupling. Therefore, we propose that MtbPYK uses these differences in conformational dynamics to up- and down-regulate enzymic activity. Importantly, metabolome profiling in mycobacteria reveals a significant increase in the levels of pentose monophosphate during hypoxia, which provides insights into how PYK uses dynamics of the tetramer as a competitive allosteric mechanism to retard glycolysis and facilitate metabolic reprogramming toward the pentose-phosphate pathway for achieving redox balance and an anticipatory metabolic response in Mtb. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:40:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/125907 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:40:13Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Elsevier BV |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1259072022-09-27T14:08:40Z Pyruvate Kinase Regulates the Pentose-Phosphate Pathway in Response to Hypoxia in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Zhong, Wenhe Guo, Jingjing Cui, Liang Chionh, Yok Hian Li, Kuohan El Sahili, Abbas Cai, Qixu Yuan, Meng Michels, Paul A.M. Fothergill-Gilmore, Linda A. Walkinshaw, Malcolm D. Mu, Yuguang Lescar, Julien Dedon, Peter C Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering In response to the stress of infection, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) reprograms its metabolism to accommodate nutrient and energetic demands in a changing environment. Pyruvate kinase (PYK) is an essential glycolytic enzyme in the phosphoenolpyruvate–pyruvate–oxaloacetate node that is a central switch point for carbon flux distribution. Here we show that the competitive binding of pentose monophosphate inhibitors or the activator glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) to MtbPYK tightly regulates the metabolic flux. Intriguingly, pentose monophosphates were found to share the same binding site with G6P. The determination of a crystal structure of MtbPYK with bound ribose 5-phosphate (R5P), combined with biochemical analyses and molecular dynamic simulations, revealed that the allosteric inhibitor pentose monophosphate increases PYK structural dynamics, weakens the structural network communication, and impairs substrate binding. G6P, on the other hand, primes and activates the tetramer by decreasing protein flexibility and strengthening allosteric coupling. Therefore, we propose that MtbPYK uses these differences in conformational dynamics to up- and down-regulate enzymic activity. Importantly, metabolome profiling in mycobacteria reveals a significant increase in the levels of pentose monophosphate during hypoxia, which provides insights into how PYK uses dynamics of the tetramer as a competitive allosteric mechanism to retard glycolysis and facilitate metabolic reprogramming toward the pentose-phosphate pathway for achieving redox balance and an anticipatory metabolic response in Mtb. 2020-06-19T21:56:46Z 2020-06-19T21:56:46Z 2019-09 2019-07 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 0022-2836 https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/125907 Zhong, Wenhe et al. "Pyruvate Kinase Regulates the Pentose-Phosphate Pathway in Response to Hypoxia in Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Journal of Molecular Biology 431, 19 (September 2019): 3690-3705 © 2019 Elsevier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2019.07.033 Journal of Molecular Biology Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ application/pdf Elsevier BV Josephina Lee |
| spellingShingle | Zhong, Wenhe Guo, Jingjing Cui, Liang Chionh, Yok Hian Li, Kuohan El Sahili, Abbas Cai, Qixu Yuan, Meng Michels, Paul A.M. Fothergill-Gilmore, Linda A. Walkinshaw, Malcolm D. Mu, Yuguang Lescar, Julien Dedon, Peter C Pyruvate Kinase Regulates the Pentose-Phosphate Pathway in Response to Hypoxia in Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| title | Pyruvate Kinase Regulates the Pentose-Phosphate Pathway in Response to Hypoxia in Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| title_full | Pyruvate Kinase Regulates the Pentose-Phosphate Pathway in Response to Hypoxia in Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| title_fullStr | Pyruvate Kinase Regulates the Pentose-Phosphate Pathway in Response to Hypoxia in Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pyruvate Kinase Regulates the Pentose-Phosphate Pathway in Response to Hypoxia in Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| title_short | Pyruvate Kinase Regulates the Pentose-Phosphate Pathway in Response to Hypoxia in Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| title_sort | pyruvate kinase regulates the pentose phosphate pathway in response to hypoxia in mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/125907 |
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