Endotoxin-Free Preparation of Graphene Oxide and Graphene-Based Materials for Biological Applications
Due to their two-dimensional structure and unique properties, graphene and its derivatives have been extensively studied for their potential applications in various fields ranging from electronics to composites. Particularly, their high surface area, electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, dis...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2020
|
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/125976 |
| _version_ | 1826213423954788352 |
|---|---|
| author | Parviz, Dorsa Strano, Michael S. |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering Parviz, Dorsa Strano, Michael S. |
| author_sort | Parviz, Dorsa |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Due to their two-dimensional structure and unique properties, graphene and its derivatives have been extensively studied for their potential applications in various fields ranging from electronics to composites. Particularly, their high surface area, electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, dispersability in aqueous phase, and possibility of surface modification make them promising candidates for biomedical applications including biosensing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, cell imaging, and therapeutics. The functioning of graphene nanosheets in these applications is dependent on their structure and properties, which are mainly determined by their preparation and processing methods. Exfoliation techniques are the most common methods for preparation of graphene nanosheets for biomedical applications due to their high yield and scalability. Further modification of these methods is necessary to produce biocompatible and toxin-free graphene that can be safely incorporated into biological media. Here, we describe protocols for chemical and mechanical exfoliation of graphite to produce endotoxin-free and highly stable graphene oxide and graphene dispersions. Additional protocols are provided for proper pre- and post-processing of nanosheets and endotoxin measurement techniques. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T15:48:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/125976 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T15:48:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1259762022-10-02T04:18:23Z Endotoxin-Free Preparation of Graphene Oxide and Graphene-Based Materials for Biological Applications Parviz, Dorsa Strano, Michael S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering Due to their two-dimensional structure and unique properties, graphene and its derivatives have been extensively studied for their potential applications in various fields ranging from electronics to composites. Particularly, their high surface area, electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, dispersability in aqueous phase, and possibility of surface modification make them promising candidates for biomedical applications including biosensing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, cell imaging, and therapeutics. The functioning of graphene nanosheets in these applications is dependent on their structure and properties, which are mainly determined by their preparation and processing methods. Exfoliation techniques are the most common methods for preparation of graphene nanosheets for biomedical applications due to their high yield and scalability. Further modification of these methods is necessary to produce biocompatible and toxin-free graphene that can be safely incorporated into biological media. Here, we describe protocols for chemical and mechanical exfoliation of graphite to produce endotoxin-free and highly stable graphene oxide and graphene dispersions. Additional protocols are provided for proper pre- and post-processing of nanosheets and endotoxin measurement techniques. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. National Institutes of Health (Grant U24ES026946) 2020-06-25T13:39:09Z 2020-06-25T13:39:09Z 2018-10 2019-12-10T13:38:18Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 2160-4762 https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/125976 Parviz, Dorsa and Michael Strano. "Endotoxin-Free Preparation of Graphene Oxide and Graphene-Based Materials for Biological Applications." Current Protocols 10, 4 (December 2018): e51 © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. en http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpch.51 Current Protocols Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ application/pdf Wiley PMC |
| spellingShingle | Parviz, Dorsa Strano, Michael S. Endotoxin-Free Preparation of Graphene Oxide and Graphene-Based Materials for Biological Applications |
| title | Endotoxin-Free Preparation of Graphene Oxide and Graphene-Based Materials for Biological Applications |
| title_full | Endotoxin-Free Preparation of Graphene Oxide and Graphene-Based Materials for Biological Applications |
| title_fullStr | Endotoxin-Free Preparation of Graphene Oxide and Graphene-Based Materials for Biological Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Endotoxin-Free Preparation of Graphene Oxide and Graphene-Based Materials for Biological Applications |
| title_short | Endotoxin-Free Preparation of Graphene Oxide and Graphene-Based Materials for Biological Applications |
| title_sort | endotoxin free preparation of graphene oxide and graphene based materials for biological applications |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/125976 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT parvizdorsa endotoxinfreepreparationofgrapheneoxideandgraphenebasedmaterialsforbiologicalapplications AT stranomichaels endotoxinfreepreparationofgrapheneoxideandgraphenebasedmaterialsforbiologicalapplications |