Cartilage diseases
Hyaline cartilages, fibrocartilages and elastic cartilages play multiple roles in the human body including bearing loads in articular joints and intervertebral discs, providing joint lubrication, forming the external ears and nose, supporting the trachea, and forming the long bones during developmen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier BV
2020
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/126139 |
| _version_ | 1826188761245941760 |
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| author | Krishnan, Yamini Grodzinsky, Alan J. |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering Krishnan, Yamini Grodzinsky, Alan J. |
| author_sort | Krishnan, Yamini |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Hyaline cartilages, fibrocartilages and elastic cartilages play multiple roles in the human body including bearing loads in articular joints and intervertebral discs, providing joint lubrication, forming the external ears and nose, supporting the trachea, and forming the long bones during development and growth. The structure and organization of cartilage's extracellular matrix (ECM) are the primary determinants of normal function. Most diseases involving cartilage lead to dramatic changes in the ECM which can govern disease progression (e.g., in osteoarthritis), cause the main symptoms of the disease (e.g., dwarfism caused by genetically inherited mutations) or occur as collateral damage in pathological processes occurring in other nearby tissues (e.g., osteochondritis dissecans and inflammatory arthropathies). Challenges associated with cartilage diseases include poor understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis, delayed diagnoses due to the aneural nature of the tissue and drug delivery challenges due to the avascular nature of adult cartilages. This narrative review provides an overview of the clinical and pathological features as well as current treatment options available for various cartilage diseases. Late breaking advances are also described in the quest for development and delivery of effective disease modifying drugs for cartilage diseases including osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Keywords: Extracellular matrix, Cartilage, Diseases of cartilage, Growth plate fractures, Genetic disorders involving cartilage, Osteochondritis dissecans, Relapsing polychondritis, Chondrocalcinosis, Pseudogout cartilaginous tumors, Inflammatory arthropathies, OsteoarthritisPost-traumatic osteoarthritis, Cartilage ECM-targeted drug carriers |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T08:04:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/126139 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T08:04:20Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Elsevier BV |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1261392022-09-23T10:43:22Z Cartilage diseases Krishnan, Yamini Grodzinsky, Alan J. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Hyaline cartilages, fibrocartilages and elastic cartilages play multiple roles in the human body including bearing loads in articular joints and intervertebral discs, providing joint lubrication, forming the external ears and nose, supporting the trachea, and forming the long bones during development and growth. The structure and organization of cartilage's extracellular matrix (ECM) are the primary determinants of normal function. Most diseases involving cartilage lead to dramatic changes in the ECM which can govern disease progression (e.g., in osteoarthritis), cause the main symptoms of the disease (e.g., dwarfism caused by genetically inherited mutations) or occur as collateral damage in pathological processes occurring in other nearby tissues (e.g., osteochondritis dissecans and inflammatory arthropathies). Challenges associated with cartilage diseases include poor understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis, delayed diagnoses due to the aneural nature of the tissue and drug delivery challenges due to the avascular nature of adult cartilages. This narrative review provides an overview of the clinical and pathological features as well as current treatment options available for various cartilage diseases. Late breaking advances are also described in the quest for development and delivery of effective disease modifying drugs for cartilage diseases including osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Keywords: Extracellular matrix, Cartilage, Diseases of cartilage, Growth plate fractures, Genetic disorders involving cartilage, Osteochondritis dissecans, Relapsing polychondritis, Chondrocalcinosis, Pseudogout cartilaginous tumors, Inflammatory arthropathies, OsteoarthritisPost-traumatic osteoarthritis, Cartilage ECM-targeted drug carriers National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (U.S.) (NIH NIBIB grant EB017755) National Science Foundation (U.S.). Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers ((MRSEC) grant DMR-1419807) National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (U.S.) (NIH NIAMS grant AR060331) Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (U.S.) (CDMRP grant W81XWH-14-1-0544) National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (U.S.) (NIH/NCATS grant UG3 TR002186) 2020-07-10T19:12:07Z 2020-07-10T19:12:07Z 2018-10 2018-05 2019-09-18T12:56:07Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 0945-053X https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/126139 Krishnan, Yamini and Alan J. Grodzinsky. "Cartilage diseases." Matrix Biology, 71-72 (October 2018):p.51-69. © 2018 Elsevier BV. en https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.MATBIO.2018.05.005 Matrix Biology Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ application/pdf Elsevier BV MIT web domain |
| spellingShingle | Krishnan, Yamini Grodzinsky, Alan J. Cartilage diseases |
| title | Cartilage diseases |
| title_full | Cartilage diseases |
| title_fullStr | Cartilage diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cartilage diseases |
| title_short | Cartilage diseases |
| title_sort | cartilage diseases |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/126139 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT krishnanyamini cartilagediseases AT grodzinskyalanj cartilagediseases |