First results from the TNG50 simulation: the evolution of stellar and gaseous discs across cosmic time
We present a new cosmological, magnetohydrodynamical simulation for galaxy formation: TNG50, the third and final instalment of the IllustrisTNG project. TNG50 evolves 2 × 21603 dark matter particles and gas cells in a volume 50 comoving Mpc across. It hence reaches a numerical resolution typical of...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford University Press (OUP)
2020
|
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/128510 |
| _version_ | 1826203617284063232 |
|---|---|
| author | Pillepich, Annalisa Nelson, Dylan Springel, Volker Pakmor, Rüdiger Torrey, Paul Weinberger, Rainer Vogelsberger, Mark Marinacci, Federico Genel, Shy van der Wel, Arjen Hernquist, Lars |
| author2 | MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research |
| author_facet | MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Pillepich, Annalisa Nelson, Dylan Springel, Volker Pakmor, Rüdiger Torrey, Paul Weinberger, Rainer Vogelsberger, Mark Marinacci, Federico Genel, Shy van der Wel, Arjen Hernquist, Lars |
| author_sort | Pillepich, Annalisa |
| collection | MIT |
| description | We present a new cosmological, magnetohydrodynamical simulation for galaxy formation: TNG50, the third and final instalment of the IllustrisTNG project. TNG50 evolves 2 × 21603 dark matter particles and gas cells in a volume 50 comoving Mpc across. It hence reaches a numerical resolution typical of zoom-in simulations, with a baryonic element mass of 8.5 × 104 M☉ and an average cell size of 70-140 pc in the star-forming regions of galaxies. Simultaneously, TNG50 samples ∼700 (6500) galaxies with stellar masses above 1010 (108) M☉ at z = 1. Here we investigate the structural and kinematical evolution of star-forming galaxies across cosmic time (0≲ z ≲ 6). We quantify their sizes, disc heights, 3D shapes, and degree of rotational versus dispersion-supported motions as traced by rest-frame V-band light (i.e. roughly stellar mass) and by H α light (i.e. star-forming and dense gas). The unprecedented resolution of TNG50 enables us to model galaxies with sub-kpc half-light radii and with ≲300-pc disc heights. Coupled with the large-volume statistics, we characterize a diverse, redshift- and mass-dependent structural and kinematical morphological mix of galaxies all the way to early epochs. Our model predicts that for star-forming galaxies the fraction of disc-like morphologies, based on 3D stellar shapes, increases with both cosmic time and galaxy stellar mass. Gas kinematics reveal that the vast majority of 109−11.5 M☉ star-forming galaxies are rotationally supported discs for most cosmic epochs (Vrot/σ > 2-3, z ≲ 5), being dynamically hotter at earlier epochs (z ≿ 1.5). Despite large velocity dispersion at high redshift, cold and dense gas in galaxies predominantly arranges in disky or elongated shapes at all times and masses; these gaseous components exhibit rotationally dominated motions far exceeding the collisionless stellar bodies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:40:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/128510 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:40:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press (OUP) |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1285102022-10-01T10:24:37Z First results from the TNG50 simulation: the evolution of stellar and gaseous discs across cosmic time Pillepich, Annalisa Nelson, Dylan Springel, Volker Pakmor, Rüdiger Torrey, Paul Weinberger, Rainer Vogelsberger, Mark Marinacci, Federico Genel, Shy van der Wel, Arjen Hernquist, Lars MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research We present a new cosmological, magnetohydrodynamical simulation for galaxy formation: TNG50, the third and final instalment of the IllustrisTNG project. TNG50 evolves 2 × 21603 dark matter particles and gas cells in a volume 50 comoving Mpc across. It hence reaches a numerical resolution typical of zoom-in simulations, with a baryonic element mass of 8.5 × 104 M☉ and an average cell size of 70-140 pc in the star-forming regions of galaxies. Simultaneously, TNG50 samples ∼700 (6500) galaxies with stellar masses above 1010 (108) M☉ at z = 1. Here we investigate the structural and kinematical evolution of star-forming galaxies across cosmic time (0≲ z ≲ 6). We quantify their sizes, disc heights, 3D shapes, and degree of rotational versus dispersion-supported motions as traced by rest-frame V-band light (i.e. roughly stellar mass) and by H α light (i.e. star-forming and dense gas). The unprecedented resolution of TNG50 enables us to model galaxies with sub-kpc half-light radii and with ≲300-pc disc heights. Coupled with the large-volume statistics, we characterize a diverse, redshift- and mass-dependent structural and kinematical morphological mix of galaxies all the way to early epochs. Our model predicts that for star-forming galaxies the fraction of disc-like morphologies, based on 3D stellar shapes, increases with both cosmic time and galaxy stellar mass. Gas kinematics reveal that the vast majority of 109−11.5 M☉ star-forming galaxies are rotationally supported discs for most cosmic epochs (Vrot/σ > 2-3, z ≲ 5), being dynamically hotter at earlier epochs (z ≿ 1.5). Despite large velocity dispersion at high redshift, cold and dense gas in galaxies predominantly arranges in disky or elongated shapes at all times and masses; these gaseous components exhibit rotationally dominated motions far exceeding the collisionless stellar bodies. 2020-11-17T22:01:12Z 2020-11-17T22:01:12Z 2019-09 2019-08 2020-11-16T17:52:57Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 0035-8711 1365-2966 https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/128510 Pillepich, Annalisa et al. "First results from the TNG50 simulation: the evolution of stellar and gaseous discs across cosmic time." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 490, 3 (September 2019): 3196–3233 © 2019 The Author(s) en http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2338 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ application/pdf Oxford University Press (OUP) arXiv |
| spellingShingle | Pillepich, Annalisa Nelson, Dylan Springel, Volker Pakmor, Rüdiger Torrey, Paul Weinberger, Rainer Vogelsberger, Mark Marinacci, Federico Genel, Shy van der Wel, Arjen Hernquist, Lars First results from the TNG50 simulation: the evolution of stellar and gaseous discs across cosmic time |
| title | First results from the TNG50 simulation: the evolution of stellar and gaseous discs across cosmic time |
| title_full | First results from the TNG50 simulation: the evolution of stellar and gaseous discs across cosmic time |
| title_fullStr | First results from the TNG50 simulation: the evolution of stellar and gaseous discs across cosmic time |
| title_full_unstemmed | First results from the TNG50 simulation: the evolution of stellar and gaseous discs across cosmic time |
| title_short | First results from the TNG50 simulation: the evolution of stellar and gaseous discs across cosmic time |
| title_sort | first results from the tng50 simulation the evolution of stellar and gaseous discs across cosmic time |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/128510 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pillepichannalisa firstresultsfromthetng50simulationtheevolutionofstellarandgaseousdiscsacrosscosmictime AT nelsondylan firstresultsfromthetng50simulationtheevolutionofstellarandgaseousdiscsacrosscosmictime AT springelvolker firstresultsfromthetng50simulationtheevolutionofstellarandgaseousdiscsacrosscosmictime AT pakmorrudiger firstresultsfromthetng50simulationtheevolutionofstellarandgaseousdiscsacrosscosmictime AT torreypaul firstresultsfromthetng50simulationtheevolutionofstellarandgaseousdiscsacrosscosmictime AT weinbergerrainer firstresultsfromthetng50simulationtheevolutionofstellarandgaseousdiscsacrosscosmictime AT vogelsbergermark firstresultsfromthetng50simulationtheevolutionofstellarandgaseousdiscsacrosscosmictime AT marinaccifederico firstresultsfromthetng50simulationtheevolutionofstellarandgaseousdiscsacrosscosmictime AT genelshy firstresultsfromthetng50simulationtheevolutionofstellarandgaseousdiscsacrosscosmictime AT vanderwelarjen firstresultsfromthetng50simulationtheevolutionofstellarandgaseousdiscsacrosscosmictime AT hernquistlars firstresultsfromthetng50simulationtheevolutionofstellarandgaseousdiscsacrosscosmictime |