Development of Large-area Lithium-drifted Silicon Detectors for the GAPS Experiment
© 2018 IEEE. We have developed large-area lithium-drifted silicon (Si(Li)) detectors to meet the unique requirements of the General Antiparticle Spectrometer (GAPS) experiment. GAPS is an Antarctic balloon-borne mission scheduled for the first flight in late 2020. The GAPS experiment aims to survey...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
2021
|
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/132361 |
| _version_ | 1826210155292786688 |
|---|---|
| author | Kozai, M Fuke, H Yamada, M Erjavec, T Hailey, CJ Kato, C Madden, N Munakata, K Perez, K Rogers, F Saffold, N Shimizu, Y Tokuda, K Xiao, M |
| author_facet | Kozai, M Fuke, H Yamada, M Erjavec, T Hailey, CJ Kato, C Madden, N Munakata, K Perez, K Rogers, F Saffold, N Shimizu, Y Tokuda, K Xiao, M |
| author_sort | Kozai, M |
| collection | MIT |
| description | © 2018 IEEE. We have developed large-area lithium-drifted silicon (Si(Li)) detectors to meet the unique requirements of the General Antiparticle Spectrometer (GAPS) experiment. GAPS is an Antarctic balloon-borne mission scheduled for the first flight in late 2020. The GAPS experiment aims to survey low-energy cosmic-ray antinuclei, particularly antideuterons, which are recognized as essentially background-free signals from dark matter annihilation or decay. The GAPS Si(Li) detector design is a thickness of 2.5 mm, diameter of 10 cm and 8 readout strips. The energy resolution of <4 keV (FWHM) for 20 to 100 keV X-rays at temperature of -35 to -45 C, far above the liquid nitrogen temperatures frequently used to achieve fine energy resolution, is required. We developed a high-quality Si crystal and Li-evaporation, diffusion and drift methods to form a uniform Li-drifted layer. Guard ring structure and optimal etching of the surface are confirmed to suppress the leakage current, which is a main source of noise. We found a thin un-drifted layer retained on the p-side effectively suppresses the leakage current. By these developments, we succeeded in developing the GAPS Si(Li) detector. As the ultimate GAPS instrument will require >1000 10-cm diameter Si(Li) detectors to achieve high sensitivity to rare antideuteron events, high-yield production is also a key factor for the success of the GAPS mission. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T14:44:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/132361 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T14:44:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1323612021-09-21T03:18:21Z Development of Large-area Lithium-drifted Silicon Detectors for the GAPS Experiment Kozai, M Fuke, H Yamada, M Erjavec, T Hailey, CJ Kato, C Madden, N Munakata, K Perez, K Rogers, F Saffold, N Shimizu, Y Tokuda, K Xiao, M © 2018 IEEE. We have developed large-area lithium-drifted silicon (Si(Li)) detectors to meet the unique requirements of the General Antiparticle Spectrometer (GAPS) experiment. GAPS is an Antarctic balloon-borne mission scheduled for the first flight in late 2020. The GAPS experiment aims to survey low-energy cosmic-ray antinuclei, particularly antideuterons, which are recognized as essentially background-free signals from dark matter annihilation or decay. The GAPS Si(Li) detector design is a thickness of 2.5 mm, diameter of 10 cm and 8 readout strips. The energy resolution of <4 keV (FWHM) for 20 to 100 keV X-rays at temperature of -35 to -45 C, far above the liquid nitrogen temperatures frequently used to achieve fine energy resolution, is required. We developed a high-quality Si crystal and Li-evaporation, diffusion and drift methods to form a uniform Li-drifted layer. Guard ring structure and optimal etching of the surface are confirmed to suppress the leakage current, which is a main source of noise. We found a thin un-drifted layer retained on the p-side effectively suppresses the leakage current. By these developments, we succeeded in developing the GAPS Si(Li) detector. As the ultimate GAPS instrument will require >1000 10-cm diameter Si(Li) detectors to achieve high sensitivity to rare antideuteron events, high-yield production is also a key factor for the success of the GAPS mission. 2021-09-20T18:22:02Z 2021-09-20T18:22:02Z 2020-11-09T15:04:39Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/132361 en 10.1109/NSSMIC.2018.8824342 2018 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2018 - Proceedings Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ application/pdf Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) arXiv |
| spellingShingle | Kozai, M Fuke, H Yamada, M Erjavec, T Hailey, CJ Kato, C Madden, N Munakata, K Perez, K Rogers, F Saffold, N Shimizu, Y Tokuda, K Xiao, M Development of Large-area Lithium-drifted Silicon Detectors for the GAPS Experiment |
| title | Development of Large-area Lithium-drifted Silicon Detectors for the GAPS Experiment |
| title_full | Development of Large-area Lithium-drifted Silicon Detectors for the GAPS Experiment |
| title_fullStr | Development of Large-area Lithium-drifted Silicon Detectors for the GAPS Experiment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Large-area Lithium-drifted Silicon Detectors for the GAPS Experiment |
| title_short | Development of Large-area Lithium-drifted Silicon Detectors for the GAPS Experiment |
| title_sort | development of large area lithium drifted silicon detectors for the gaps experiment |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/132361 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kozaim developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment AT fukeh developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment AT yamadam developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment AT erjavect developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment AT haileycj developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment AT katoc developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment AT maddenn developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment AT munakatak developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment AT perezk developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment AT rogersf developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment AT saffoldn developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment AT shimizuy developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment AT tokudak developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment AT xiaom developmentoflargearealithiumdriftedsilicondetectorsforthegapsexperiment |