Graphene Metamaterials for Intense, Tunable, and Compact Extreme Ultraviolet and X‐Ray Sources
© 2019 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim The interaction of electrons with strong electromagnetic fields is fundamental to the ability to design high-quality radiation sources. At the core of all such sources is a tradeoff between compactness and higher outpu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/132371 |
| _version_ | 1826203856052158464 |
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| author | Pizzi, Andrea Rosolen, Gilles Wong, Liang Jie Ischebeck, Rasmus Soljačić, Marin Feurer, Thomas Kaminer, Ido |
| author_facet | Pizzi, Andrea Rosolen, Gilles Wong, Liang Jie Ischebeck, Rasmus Soljačić, Marin Feurer, Thomas Kaminer, Ido |
| author_sort | Pizzi, Andrea |
| collection | MIT |
| description | © 2019 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim The interaction of electrons with strong electromagnetic fields is fundamental to the ability to design high-quality radiation sources. At the core of all such sources is a tradeoff between compactness and higher output radiation intensities. Conventional photonic devices are limited in size by their operating wavelength, which helps compactness at the cost of a small interaction area. Here, plasmonic modes supported by multilayer graphene metamaterials are shown to provide a larger interaction area with the electron beam, while also tapping into the extreme confinement of graphene plasmons to generate high-frequency photons with relatively low-energy electrons available from tabletop sources. For 5 MeV electrons, a metamaterial of 50 layers and length 50 µm, and a beam current of 1.7 µA, it is, for instance, possible to generate X-rays of intensity 1.5 × 107 photons sr−1 s−1 1%BW, 580 times more than for a single-layer design. The frequency of the driving laser dynamically tunes the photon emission spectrum. This work demonstrates a unique free-electron light source, wherein the electron mean free path in a given material is longer than the device length, relaxing the requirements of complex electron beam systems and potentially paving the way to high-yield, compact, and tunable X-ray sources. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:44:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/132371 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:44:21Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1323712021-09-21T03:34:18Z Graphene Metamaterials for Intense, Tunable, and Compact Extreme Ultraviolet and X‐Ray Sources Pizzi, Andrea Rosolen, Gilles Wong, Liang Jie Ischebeck, Rasmus Soljačić, Marin Feurer, Thomas Kaminer, Ido © 2019 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim The interaction of electrons with strong electromagnetic fields is fundamental to the ability to design high-quality radiation sources. At the core of all such sources is a tradeoff between compactness and higher output radiation intensities. Conventional photonic devices are limited in size by their operating wavelength, which helps compactness at the cost of a small interaction area. Here, plasmonic modes supported by multilayer graphene metamaterials are shown to provide a larger interaction area with the electron beam, while also tapping into the extreme confinement of graphene plasmons to generate high-frequency photons with relatively low-energy electrons available from tabletop sources. For 5 MeV electrons, a metamaterial of 50 layers and length 50 µm, and a beam current of 1.7 µA, it is, for instance, possible to generate X-rays of intensity 1.5 × 107 photons sr−1 s−1 1%BW, 580 times more than for a single-layer design. The frequency of the driving laser dynamically tunes the photon emission spectrum. This work demonstrates a unique free-electron light source, wherein the electron mean free path in a given material is longer than the device length, relaxing the requirements of complex electron beam systems and potentially paving the way to high-yield, compact, and tunable X-ray sources. 2021-09-20T18:22:05Z 2021-09-20T18:22:05Z 2020-11-09T17:35:35Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/132371 en 10.1002/ADVS.201901609 Advanced Science Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf Wiley Wiley |
| spellingShingle | Pizzi, Andrea Rosolen, Gilles Wong, Liang Jie Ischebeck, Rasmus Soljačić, Marin Feurer, Thomas Kaminer, Ido Graphene Metamaterials for Intense, Tunable, and Compact Extreme Ultraviolet and X‐Ray Sources |
| title | Graphene Metamaterials for Intense, Tunable, and Compact Extreme Ultraviolet and X‐Ray Sources |
| title_full | Graphene Metamaterials for Intense, Tunable, and Compact Extreme Ultraviolet and X‐Ray Sources |
| title_fullStr | Graphene Metamaterials for Intense, Tunable, and Compact Extreme Ultraviolet and X‐Ray Sources |
| title_full_unstemmed | Graphene Metamaterials for Intense, Tunable, and Compact Extreme Ultraviolet and X‐Ray Sources |
| title_short | Graphene Metamaterials for Intense, Tunable, and Compact Extreme Ultraviolet and X‐Ray Sources |
| title_sort | graphene metamaterials for intense tunable and compact extreme ultraviolet and x ray sources |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/132371 |
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