Engagement of Neurotropic Viruses in Fast Axonal Transport: Mechanisms, Potential Role of Host Kinases and Implications for Neuronal Dysfunction
Much remains unknown about mechanisms sustaining the various stages in the life cycle of neurotropic viruses. An understanding of those mechanisms operating before their replication and propagation could advance the development of effective anti-viral strategies. Here, we review our current knowledg...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media SA
2021
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/132912 |
| _version_ | 1826197840709287936 |
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| author | Richards, Alexsia Berth, Sarah H. Brady, Scott Morfini, Gerardo |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Medical Engineering & Science |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Medical Engineering & Science Richards, Alexsia Berth, Sarah H. Brady, Scott Morfini, Gerardo |
| author_sort | Richards, Alexsia |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Much remains unknown about mechanisms sustaining the various stages in the life cycle of neurotropic viruses. An understanding of those mechanisms operating before their replication and propagation could advance the development of effective anti-viral strategies. Here, we review our current knowledge of strategies used by neurotropic viruses to undergo bidirectional movement along axons. We discuss how the invasion strategies used by specific viruses might influence their mode of interaction with selected components of the host’s fast axonal transport (FAT) machinery, including specialized membrane-bounded organelles and microtubule-based motor proteins. As part of this discussion, we provide a critical evaluation of various reported interactions among viral and motor proteins and highlight limitations of some <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> approaches that led to their identification. Based on a large body of evidence documenting activation of host kinases by neurotropic viruses, and on recent work revealing regulation of FAT through phosphorylation-based mechanisms, we posit a potential role of host kinases on the engagement of viruses in retrograde FAT. Finally, we briefly describe recent evidence linking aberrant activation of kinase pathways to deficits in FAT and neuronal degeneration in the context of human neurodegenerative diseases. Based on these findings, we speculate that neurotoxicity elicited by viral infection may involve deregulation of host kinases involved in the regulation of FAT and other cellular processes sustaining neuronal function and survival. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:54:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/132912 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:54:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1329122022-09-27T15:51:20Z Engagement of Neurotropic Viruses in Fast Axonal Transport: Mechanisms, Potential Role of Host Kinases and Implications for Neuronal Dysfunction Richards, Alexsia Berth, Sarah H. Brady, Scott Morfini, Gerardo Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Medical Engineering & Science Much remains unknown about mechanisms sustaining the various stages in the life cycle of neurotropic viruses. An understanding of those mechanisms operating before their replication and propagation could advance the development of effective anti-viral strategies. Here, we review our current knowledge of strategies used by neurotropic viruses to undergo bidirectional movement along axons. We discuss how the invasion strategies used by specific viruses might influence their mode of interaction with selected components of the host’s fast axonal transport (FAT) machinery, including specialized membrane-bounded organelles and microtubule-based motor proteins. As part of this discussion, we provide a critical evaluation of various reported interactions among viral and motor proteins and highlight limitations of some <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> approaches that led to their identification. Based on a large body of evidence documenting activation of host kinases by neurotropic viruses, and on recent work revealing regulation of FAT through phosphorylation-based mechanisms, we posit a potential role of host kinases on the engagement of viruses in retrograde FAT. Finally, we briefly describe recent evidence linking aberrant activation of kinase pathways to deficits in FAT and neuronal degeneration in the context of human neurodegenerative diseases. Based on these findings, we speculate that neurotoxicity elicited by viral infection may involve deregulation of host kinases involved in the regulation of FAT and other cellular processes sustaining neuronal function and survival. 2021-10-08T18:07:29Z 2021-10-08T18:07:29Z 2021-06 2021-03 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1662-5102 https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/132912 Richards, Alexsia et al. "Engagement of Neurotropic Viruses in Fast Axonal Transport: Mechanisms, Potential Role of Host Kinases and Implications for Neuronal Dysfunction." Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 15 (June 2021): 684762. © 2021 Richards et al. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2021.684762 Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf Frontiers Media SA Frontiers |
| spellingShingle | Richards, Alexsia Berth, Sarah H. Brady, Scott Morfini, Gerardo Engagement of Neurotropic Viruses in Fast Axonal Transport: Mechanisms, Potential Role of Host Kinases and Implications for Neuronal Dysfunction |
| title | Engagement of Neurotropic Viruses in Fast Axonal Transport: Mechanisms, Potential Role of Host Kinases and Implications for Neuronal Dysfunction |
| title_full | Engagement of Neurotropic Viruses in Fast Axonal Transport: Mechanisms, Potential Role of Host Kinases and Implications for Neuronal Dysfunction |
| title_fullStr | Engagement of Neurotropic Viruses in Fast Axonal Transport: Mechanisms, Potential Role of Host Kinases and Implications for Neuronal Dysfunction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Engagement of Neurotropic Viruses in Fast Axonal Transport: Mechanisms, Potential Role of Host Kinases and Implications for Neuronal Dysfunction |
| title_short | Engagement of Neurotropic Viruses in Fast Axonal Transport: Mechanisms, Potential Role of Host Kinases and Implications for Neuronal Dysfunction |
| title_sort | engagement of neurotropic viruses in fast axonal transport mechanisms potential role of host kinases and implications for neuronal dysfunction |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/132912 |
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