Confined Plunging Liquid Jets for Dilution of Brine from Desalination Plants
Confined plunging jets are investigated as potential outfalls for the discharge of desalination brine. Compared to offshore submerged outfalls that rely on momentum to induce mixing, plunging jets released above the water surface utilize both momentum and negative buoyancy. Plunging jets also introd...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2021
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/133163 |
| _version_ | 1811086042021756928 |
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| author | Shrivastava, Ishita Adams, Edward Eric Al-Anzi, Bader Chow, Aaron Chunghin Han, Jongyoon |
| author_facet | Shrivastava, Ishita Adams, Edward Eric Al-Anzi, Bader Chow, Aaron Chunghin Han, Jongyoon |
| author_sort | Shrivastava, Ishita |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Confined plunging jets are investigated as potential outfalls for the discharge of desalination brine. Compared to offshore submerged outfalls that rely on momentum to induce mixing, plunging jets released above the water surface utilize both momentum and negative buoyancy. Plunging jets also introduce air into the water column, which can reduce the possibility of hypoxic zones. In contrast to unconfined plunging jets, confined plunging jets include a confining tube, or downcomer, around the jet, which increases the penetration depth of the bubbles and can provide better aeration. However, the presence of this downcomer can hinder mixing with surrounding water. Therefore, laboratory measurements of dilution are reported here and compared to the dilution of unconfined plunging jets. In addition, qualitative observations of bubble penetration depth are also used to discuss aeration potential. For designs that increase the bubble penetration depth as compared to unconfined plunging jets, results show that dilution decreases as the depth of the downcomer is increased. However, it is shown that confined plunging jets can be designed with a short downcomer to provide higher dilution than unconfined jets. The effect of the diameter of downcomer on dilution is also investigated and a non-monotonic effect is observed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T13:19:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/133163 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T13:19:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1331632021-11-01T14:36:55Z Confined Plunging Liquid Jets for Dilution of Brine from Desalination Plants Shrivastava, Ishita Adams, Edward Eric Al-Anzi, Bader Chow, Aaron Chunghin Han, Jongyoon Confined plunging jets are investigated as potential outfalls for the discharge of desalination brine. Compared to offshore submerged outfalls that rely on momentum to induce mixing, plunging jets released above the water surface utilize both momentum and negative buoyancy. Plunging jets also introduce air into the water column, which can reduce the possibility of hypoxic zones. In contrast to unconfined plunging jets, confined plunging jets include a confining tube, or downcomer, around the jet, which increases the penetration depth of the bubbles and can provide better aeration. However, the presence of this downcomer can hinder mixing with surrounding water. Therefore, laboratory measurements of dilution are reported here and compared to the dilution of unconfined plunging jets. In addition, qualitative observations of bubble penetration depth are also used to discuss aeration potential. For designs that increase the bubble penetration depth as compared to unconfined plunging jets, results show that dilution decreases as the depth of the downcomer is increased. However, it is shown that confined plunging jets can be designed with a short downcomer to provide higher dilution than unconfined jets. The effect of the diameter of downcomer on dilution is also investigated and a non-monotonic effect is observed. 2021-10-27T16:58:49Z 2021-10-27T16:58:49Z 2021-05-13 2021-05-13T14:37:08Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/133163 Processes 9 (5): 856 (2021) PUBLISHER_CC http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9050856 Creative Commons Attribution https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| spellingShingle | Shrivastava, Ishita Adams, Edward Eric Al-Anzi, Bader Chow, Aaron Chunghin Han, Jongyoon Confined Plunging Liquid Jets for Dilution of Brine from Desalination Plants |
| title | Confined Plunging Liquid Jets for Dilution of Brine from Desalination Plants |
| title_full | Confined Plunging Liquid Jets for Dilution of Brine from Desalination Plants |
| title_fullStr | Confined Plunging Liquid Jets for Dilution of Brine from Desalination Plants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Confined Plunging Liquid Jets for Dilution of Brine from Desalination Plants |
| title_short | Confined Plunging Liquid Jets for Dilution of Brine from Desalination Plants |
| title_sort | confined plunging liquid jets for dilution of brine from desalination plants |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/133163 |
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