Jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics
Abstract We explore how to improve the hybrid model description of the particles originating from the wake that a jet produced in a heavy ion collision leaves in the droplet of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) through which it propagates, using linearized hydrodynamics...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2021
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/136812 |
| _version_ | 1826214104324374528 |
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| author | Casalderrey-Solana, Jorge Milhano, José G. Pablos, Daniel Rajagopal, Krishna Yao, Xiaojun |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Theoretical Physics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Theoretical Physics Casalderrey-Solana, Jorge Milhano, José G. Pablos, Daniel Rajagopal, Krishna Yao, Xiaojun |
| author_sort | Casalderrey-Solana, Jorge |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Abstract
We explore how to improve the hybrid model description of the particles originating from the wake that a jet produced in a heavy ion collision leaves in the droplet of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) through which it propagates, using linearized hydrodynamics on a background Bjorken flow. Jet energy and momentum loss described by the hybrid model become currents sourcing linearized hydrodynamics. By solving the linearized hydrodynamic equations numerically, we investigate the development of the wake in the dynamically evolving droplet of QGP, study the effect of viscosity, scrutinize energy-momentum conservation, and check the validity of the linear approximation. We find that linearized hydrodynamics works better in the viscous case because diffusive modes damp the energy-momentum perturbation produced by the jet. We calculate the distribution of particles produced from the jet wake by using the Cooper-Frye prescription and find that both the transverse momentum spectrum and the distribution of particles in azimuthal angle are similar in shape in linearized hydrodynamics and in the hybrid model. Their normalizations are different because the momentum-rapidity distribution in the linearized hydrodynamics analysis is more spread out, due to sound modes. Since the Bjorken flow has no transverse expansion, we explore the effect of transverse flow by using local boosts to add it into the Cooper-Frye formula. After including the effects of transverse flow in this way, the transverse momentum spectrum becomes harder: more particles with transverse momenta bigger than 2 GeV are produced than in the hybrid model. Although we defer implementing this analysis in a jet Monte Carlo, as would be needed to make quantitative comparisons to data, we gain a qualitative sense of how the jet wake may modify jet observables by computing proxies for two example observables: the lost energy recovered in a cone of varying open angle, and the fragmentation function. We find that linearized hydrodynamics with transverse flow effects added improves the description of the jet wake in the hybrid model in just the way that comparison to data indicates is needed. Our study illuminates a path to improving the description of the wake in the hybrid model, highlighting the need to take into account the effects of both transverse flow and the broadening of the energy-momentum perturbation in spacetime rapidity on particle production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T15:59:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/136812 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T15:59:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1368122024-02-05T19:17:31Z Jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics Casalderrey-Solana, Jorge Milhano, José G. Pablos, Daniel Rajagopal, Krishna Yao, Xiaojun Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Theoretical Physics Abstract We explore how to improve the hybrid model description of the particles originating from the wake that a jet produced in a heavy ion collision leaves in the droplet of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) through which it propagates, using linearized hydrodynamics on a background Bjorken flow. Jet energy and momentum loss described by the hybrid model become currents sourcing linearized hydrodynamics. By solving the linearized hydrodynamic equations numerically, we investigate the development of the wake in the dynamically evolving droplet of QGP, study the effect of viscosity, scrutinize energy-momentum conservation, and check the validity of the linear approximation. We find that linearized hydrodynamics works better in the viscous case because diffusive modes damp the energy-momentum perturbation produced by the jet. We calculate the distribution of particles produced from the jet wake by using the Cooper-Frye prescription and find that both the transverse momentum spectrum and the distribution of particles in azimuthal angle are similar in shape in linearized hydrodynamics and in the hybrid model. Their normalizations are different because the momentum-rapidity distribution in the linearized hydrodynamics analysis is more spread out, due to sound modes. Since the Bjorken flow has no transverse expansion, we explore the effect of transverse flow by using local boosts to add it into the Cooper-Frye formula. After including the effects of transverse flow in this way, the transverse momentum spectrum becomes harder: more particles with transverse momenta bigger than 2 GeV are produced than in the hybrid model. Although we defer implementing this analysis in a jet Monte Carlo, as would be needed to make quantitative comparisons to data, we gain a qualitative sense of how the jet wake may modify jet observables by computing proxies for two example observables: the lost energy recovered in a cone of varying open angle, and the fragmentation function. We find that linearized hydrodynamics with transverse flow effects added improves the description of the jet wake in the hybrid model in just the way that comparison to data indicates is needed. Our study illuminates a path to improving the description of the wake in the hybrid model, highlighting the need to take into account the effects of both transverse flow and the broadening of the energy-momentum perturbation in spacetime rapidity on particle production. 2021-11-01T14:33:32Z 2021-11-01T14:33:32Z 2021-05-25 2021-05-30T03:19:45Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/136812 Journal of High Energy Physics. 2021 May 25;2021(5):230 PUBLISHER_CC en https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2021)230 Creative Commons Attribution https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Author(s) application/pdf Springer Berlin Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| spellingShingle | Casalderrey-Solana, Jorge Milhano, José G. Pablos, Daniel Rajagopal, Krishna Yao, Xiaojun Jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics |
| title | Jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics |
| title_full | Jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics |
| title_fullStr | Jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics |
| title_short | Jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics |
| title_sort | jet wake from linearized hydrodynamics |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/136812 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT casalderreysolanajorge jetwakefromlinearizedhydrodynamics AT milhanojoseg jetwakefromlinearizedhydrodynamics AT pablosdaniel jetwakefromlinearizedhydrodynamics AT rajagopalkrishna jetwakefromlinearizedhydrodynamics AT yaoxiaojun jetwakefromlinearizedhydrodynamics |