Diving below the Spin-down Limit: Constraints on Gravitational Waves from the Energetic Young Pulsar PSR J0537-6910
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>We present a search for quasi-monochromatic gravitational-wave signals from the young, energetic X-ray pulsar PSR J0537−6910 using data from the second and third observing runs of LIGO and Virgo. The search is enabled by a c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Astronomical Society
2022
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/142162 |
| _version_ | 1826201404461547520 |
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| author | Mavalvala, Nergis |
| author2 | LIGO (Observatory : Massachusetts Institute of Technology) |
| author_facet | LIGO (Observatory : Massachusetts Institute of Technology) Mavalvala, Nergis |
| author_sort | Mavalvala, Nergis |
| collection | MIT |
| description | <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
<jats:p>We present a search for quasi-monochromatic gravitational-wave signals from the young, energetic X-ray pulsar PSR J0537−6910 using data from the second and third observing runs of LIGO and Virgo. The search is enabled by a contemporaneous timing ephemeris obtained using Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) data. The NICER ephemeris has also been extended through 2020 October and includes three new glitches. PSR J0537−6910 has the largest spin-down luminosity of any pulsar and exhibits fRequent and strong glitches. Analyses of its long-term and interglitch braking indices provide intriguing evidence that its spin-down energy budget may include gravitational-wave emission from a time-varying mass quadrupole moment. Its 62 Hz rotation frequency also puts its possible gravitational-wave emission in the most sensitive band of the LIGO/Virgo detectors. Motivated by these considerations, we search for gravitational-wave emission at both once and twice the rotation frequency from PSR J0537−6910. We find no signal, however, and report upper limits. Assuming a rigidly rotating triaxial star, our constraints reach below the gravitational-wave spin-down limit for this star for the first time by more than a factor of 2 and limit gravitational waves from the <jats:italic>l</jats:italic> = <jats:italic>m</jats:italic> = 2 mode to account for less than 14% of the spin-down energy budget. The fiducial equatorial ellipticity is constrained to less than about 3 ×10<jats:sup>−5</jats:sup>, which is the third best constraint for any young pulsar.</jats:p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:51:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/142162 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:51:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | American Astronomical Society |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1421622023-12-08T17:16:54Z Diving below the Spin-down Limit: Constraints on Gravitational Waves from the Energetic Young Pulsar PSR J0537-6910 Mavalvala, Nergis LIGO (Observatory : Massachusetts Institute of Technology) <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>We present a search for quasi-monochromatic gravitational-wave signals from the young, energetic X-ray pulsar PSR J0537−6910 using data from the second and third observing runs of LIGO and Virgo. The search is enabled by a contemporaneous timing ephemeris obtained using Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) data. The NICER ephemeris has also been extended through 2020 October and includes three new glitches. PSR J0537−6910 has the largest spin-down luminosity of any pulsar and exhibits fRequent and strong glitches. Analyses of its long-term and interglitch braking indices provide intriguing evidence that its spin-down energy budget may include gravitational-wave emission from a time-varying mass quadrupole moment. Its 62 Hz rotation frequency also puts its possible gravitational-wave emission in the most sensitive band of the LIGO/Virgo detectors. Motivated by these considerations, we search for gravitational-wave emission at both once and twice the rotation frequency from PSR J0537−6910. We find no signal, however, and report upper limits. Assuming a rigidly rotating triaxial star, our constraints reach below the gravitational-wave spin-down limit for this star for the first time by more than a factor of 2 and limit gravitational waves from the <jats:italic>l</jats:italic> = <jats:italic>m</jats:italic> = 2 mode to account for less than 14% of the spin-down energy budget. The fiducial equatorial ellipticity is constrained to less than about 3 ×10<jats:sup>−5</jats:sup>, which is the third best constraint for any young pulsar.</jats:p> 2022-04-28T12:25:45Z 2022-04-28T12:25:45Z 2021 2022-04-28T12:21:30Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/142162 Mavalvala, Nergis. 2021. "Diving below the Spin-down Limit: Constraints on Gravitational Waves from the Energetic Young Pulsar PSR J0537-6910." The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 913 (2). en 10.3847/2041-8213/ABFFCD The Astrophysical Journal Letters Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf American Astronomical Society American Astronomical Society |
| spellingShingle | Mavalvala, Nergis Diving below the Spin-down Limit: Constraints on Gravitational Waves from the Energetic Young Pulsar PSR J0537-6910 |
| title | Diving below the Spin-down Limit: Constraints on Gravitational Waves from the Energetic Young Pulsar PSR J0537-6910 |
| title_full | Diving below the Spin-down Limit: Constraints on Gravitational Waves from the Energetic Young Pulsar PSR J0537-6910 |
| title_fullStr | Diving below the Spin-down Limit: Constraints on Gravitational Waves from the Energetic Young Pulsar PSR J0537-6910 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diving below the Spin-down Limit: Constraints on Gravitational Waves from the Energetic Young Pulsar PSR J0537-6910 |
| title_short | Diving below the Spin-down Limit: Constraints on Gravitational Waves from the Energetic Young Pulsar PSR J0537-6910 |
| title_sort | diving below the spin down limit constraints on gravitational waves from the energetic young pulsar psr j0537 6910 |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/142162 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mavalvalanergis divingbelowthespindownlimitconstraintsongravitationalwavesfromtheenergeticyoungpulsarpsrj05376910 |