The Supersonic Project: SIGOs, A Proposed Progenitor to Globular Clusters, and Their Connections to Gravitational-wave Anisotropies
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Supersonically induced gas objects (SIGOs), are structures with little to no dark-matter component predicted to exist in regions of the universe with large relative velocities between baryons and dark matter at the time of r...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Astronomical Society
2022
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/142368 |
| _version_ | 1811071399592198144 |
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| author | Lake, William Naoz, Smadar Chiou, Yeou S Burkhart, Blakesley Marinacci, Federico Vogelsberger, Mark Kremer, Kyle |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Lake, William Naoz, Smadar Chiou, Yeou S Burkhart, Blakesley Marinacci, Federico Vogelsberger, Mark Kremer, Kyle |
| author_sort | Lake, William |
| collection | MIT |
| description | <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
<jats:p>Supersonically induced gas objects (SIGOs), are structures with little to no dark-matter component predicted to exist in regions of the universe with large relative velocities between baryons and dark matter at the time of recombination. They have been suggested to be the progenitors of present-day globular clusters. Using simulations, SIGOs have been studied on small scales (around 2 Mpc) where these relative velocities are coherent. However, it is challenging to study SIGOs using simulations on large scales due to the varying relative velocities at scales larger than a few Mpc. Here, we study SIGO abundances semi-analytically: using perturbation theory, we predict the number density of SIGOs analytically, and compare these results to small-box numerical simulations. We use the agreement between the numerical and analytic calculations to extrapolate the large-scale variation of SIGO abundances over different stream velocities. As a result, we predict similar large-scale variations of objects with high gas densities before reionization that could possibly be observed by JWST. If indeed SIGOs are progenitors of globular clusters, then we expect a similar variation of globular cluster abundances over large scales. Significantly, we find that the expected number density of SIGOs is consistent with observed globular cluster number densities. As a proof-of-concept, and because globular clusters were proposed to be natural formation sites for gravitational wave sources from binary black-hole mergers, we show that SIGOs should imprint an anisotropy on the gravitational wave signal on the sky, consistent with their distribution.</jats:p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T08:50:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/142368 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T08:50:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | American Astronomical Society |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1423682023-04-19T20:08:21Z The Supersonic Project: SIGOs, A Proposed Progenitor to Globular Clusters, and Their Connections to Gravitational-wave Anisotropies Lake, William Naoz, Smadar Chiou, Yeou S Burkhart, Blakesley Marinacci, Federico Vogelsberger, Mark Kremer, Kyle Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Supersonically induced gas objects (SIGOs), are structures with little to no dark-matter component predicted to exist in regions of the universe with large relative velocities between baryons and dark matter at the time of recombination. They have been suggested to be the progenitors of present-day globular clusters. Using simulations, SIGOs have been studied on small scales (around 2 Mpc) where these relative velocities are coherent. However, it is challenging to study SIGOs using simulations on large scales due to the varying relative velocities at scales larger than a few Mpc. Here, we study SIGO abundances semi-analytically: using perturbation theory, we predict the number density of SIGOs analytically, and compare these results to small-box numerical simulations. We use the agreement between the numerical and analytic calculations to extrapolate the large-scale variation of SIGO abundances over different stream velocities. As a result, we predict similar large-scale variations of objects with high gas densities before reionization that could possibly be observed by JWST. If indeed SIGOs are progenitors of globular clusters, then we expect a similar variation of globular cluster abundances over large scales. Significantly, we find that the expected number density of SIGOs is consistent with observed globular cluster number densities. As a proof-of-concept, and because globular clusters were proposed to be natural formation sites for gravitational wave sources from binary black-hole mergers, we show that SIGOs should imprint an anisotropy on the gravitational wave signal on the sky, consistent with their distribution.</jats:p> 2022-05-05T18:15:24Z 2022-05-05T18:15:24Z 2021 2022-05-05T15:36:19Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/142368 Lake, William, Naoz, Smadar, Chiou, Yeou S, Burkhart, Blakesley, Marinacci, Federico et al. 2021. "The Supersonic Project: SIGOs, A Proposed Progenitor to Globular Clusters, and Their Connections to Gravitational-wave Anisotropies." Astrophysical Journal, 922 (1). en 10.3847/1538-4357/AC20D0 Astrophysical Journal Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf American Astronomical Society American Astronomical Society |
| spellingShingle | Lake, William Naoz, Smadar Chiou, Yeou S Burkhart, Blakesley Marinacci, Federico Vogelsberger, Mark Kremer, Kyle The Supersonic Project: SIGOs, A Proposed Progenitor to Globular Clusters, and Their Connections to Gravitational-wave Anisotropies |
| title | The Supersonic Project: SIGOs, A Proposed Progenitor to Globular Clusters, and Their Connections to Gravitational-wave Anisotropies |
| title_full | The Supersonic Project: SIGOs, A Proposed Progenitor to Globular Clusters, and Their Connections to Gravitational-wave Anisotropies |
| title_fullStr | The Supersonic Project: SIGOs, A Proposed Progenitor to Globular Clusters, and Their Connections to Gravitational-wave Anisotropies |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Supersonic Project: SIGOs, A Proposed Progenitor to Globular Clusters, and Their Connections to Gravitational-wave Anisotropies |
| title_short | The Supersonic Project: SIGOs, A Proposed Progenitor to Globular Clusters, and Their Connections to Gravitational-wave Anisotropies |
| title_sort | supersonic project sigos a proposed progenitor to globular clusters and their connections to gravitational wave anisotropies |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/142368 |
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