Engineering physico-chemical interactions across drug delivery, agriculture and carbon capture
The interface between two phases often limits the efficiency of several phenomena. In drug delivery, viscous formulations are difficult to inject through medical needles as the no-slip boundary condition between the needle and the viscous drug product greatly resists fluid flow. In agriculture, the...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Thesis |
| Published: |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2022
|
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/143379 |
| _version_ | 1826198657944256512 |
|---|---|
| author | Jayaprakash, Vishnu |
| author2 | Varanasi, Kripa K. |
| author_facet | Varanasi, Kripa K. Jayaprakash, Vishnu |
| author_sort | Jayaprakash, Vishnu |
| collection | MIT |
| description | The interface between two phases often limits the efficiency of several phenomena. In drug delivery, viscous formulations are difficult to inject through medical needles as the no-slip boundary condition between the needle and the viscous drug product greatly resists fluid flow. In agriculture, the inherent water repellency of plant surfaces causes pesticide sprays to bounce off, resulting in enormous waste and environmental pollution. In post-combustion carbon capture, absorbing gaseous CO₂ into liquids remains prohibitively expensive as reaction rates are limited by the low interfacial areas between the flue gas and absorbents in current systems. This work explores how introducing new interfaces or interfacial forces can help solve these three challenges. First, we demonstrate viscosity agnostic injectability of drug formulations through needles using core annular flows, where the transport of a highly viscous fluid through a needle is enabled via coaxial lubrication by a less viscous fluid. Second, by cloaking spray droplets in minute quantities of plant oils (≤ 1wt%), we enhance energy dissipation during droplet impact on hydrophobic surfaces and demonstrate a 5x reduction in pesticide waste on a variety of plant leaves. Finally, mist-scale droplets and space charge injection are used to enhance interfacial areas in CO2 absorption and develop a carbon capture system that could lead to a 2.6x reduction in plant capital costs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:07:54Z |
| format | Thesis |
| id | mit-1721.1/143379 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T11:07:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1433792022-06-16T03:37:29Z Engineering physico-chemical interactions across drug delivery, agriculture and carbon capture Jayaprakash, Vishnu Varanasi, Kripa K. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering The interface between two phases often limits the efficiency of several phenomena. In drug delivery, viscous formulations are difficult to inject through medical needles as the no-slip boundary condition between the needle and the viscous drug product greatly resists fluid flow. In agriculture, the inherent water repellency of plant surfaces causes pesticide sprays to bounce off, resulting in enormous waste and environmental pollution. In post-combustion carbon capture, absorbing gaseous CO₂ into liquids remains prohibitively expensive as reaction rates are limited by the low interfacial areas between the flue gas and absorbents in current systems. This work explores how introducing new interfaces or interfacial forces can help solve these three challenges. First, we demonstrate viscosity agnostic injectability of drug formulations through needles using core annular flows, where the transport of a highly viscous fluid through a needle is enabled via coaxial lubrication by a less viscous fluid. Second, by cloaking spray droplets in minute quantities of plant oils (≤ 1wt%), we enhance energy dissipation during droplet impact on hydrophobic surfaces and demonstrate a 5x reduction in pesticide waste on a variety of plant leaves. Finally, mist-scale droplets and space charge injection are used to enhance interfacial areas in CO2 absorption and develop a carbon capture system that could lead to a 2.6x reduction in plant capital costs. Ph.D. 2022-06-15T13:16:34Z 2022-06-15T13:16:34Z 2022-02 2022-02-25T18:18:46.423Z Thesis https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/143379 In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted Copyright MIT http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/ application/pdf Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| spellingShingle | Jayaprakash, Vishnu Engineering physico-chemical interactions across drug delivery, agriculture and carbon capture |
| title | Engineering physico-chemical interactions across drug delivery, agriculture and carbon capture |
| title_full | Engineering physico-chemical interactions across drug delivery, agriculture and carbon capture |
| title_fullStr | Engineering physico-chemical interactions across drug delivery, agriculture and carbon capture |
| title_full_unstemmed | Engineering physico-chemical interactions across drug delivery, agriculture and carbon capture |
| title_short | Engineering physico-chemical interactions across drug delivery, agriculture and carbon capture |
| title_sort | engineering physico chemical interactions across drug delivery agriculture and carbon capture |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/143379 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jayaprakashvishnu engineeringphysicochemicalinteractionsacrossdrugdeliveryagricultureandcarboncapture |