Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice
<jats:p>We infer circumpolar maps of stress imparted to the ocean by the wind, mediated by sea-ice, in and around the Seasonal Ice Zone (SIZ) of Antarctica. In the open ocean we compute the wind stress using surface winds from daily atmospheric reanalyses and applying bulk formulae. In the pre...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media SA
2022
|
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/143654 |
| _version_ | 1826203317357772800 |
|---|---|
| author | Ramadhan, Ali Marshall, John Meneghello, Gianluca Illari, Lodovica Speer, Kevin |
| author_facet | Ramadhan, Ali Marshall, John Meneghello, Gianluca Illari, Lodovica Speer, Kevin |
| author_sort | Ramadhan, Ali |
| collection | MIT |
| description | <jats:p>We infer circumpolar maps of stress imparted to the ocean by the wind, mediated by sea-ice, in and around the Seasonal Ice Zone (SIZ) of Antarctica. In the open ocean we compute the wind stress using surface winds from daily atmospheric reanalyses and applying bulk formulae. In the presence of sea ice, the stress imparted to the underlying ocean is computed from satellite observations of daily ice concentration and drift velocity assuming, first, that the ocean geostrophic currents beneath are negligible, and then including surface geostrophic ocean currents inferred from satellite altimetry. In this way maps of surface ocean stress in the SIZ are obtained. The maps are discussed and interpreted, and their importance in setting the circulation emphasised. Just as in parallel observational studies in the Arctic, we find that ocean currents significantly modify the stress field, the sense of the surface ageostrophic flow and thus pathways of exchange across the SIZ. Maps of Ekman pumping reveal broad patterns of upwelling within the SIZ enhanced near the sea ice edge, which are offset by strong narrow downwelling regions adjacent to the Antarctic continent.</jats:p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:34:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/143654 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:34:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1436542022-07-12T03:23:23Z Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice Ramadhan, Ali Marshall, John Meneghello, Gianluca Illari, Lodovica Speer, Kevin <jats:p>We infer circumpolar maps of stress imparted to the ocean by the wind, mediated by sea-ice, in and around the Seasonal Ice Zone (SIZ) of Antarctica. In the open ocean we compute the wind stress using surface winds from daily atmospheric reanalyses and applying bulk formulae. In the presence of sea ice, the stress imparted to the underlying ocean is computed from satellite observations of daily ice concentration and drift velocity assuming, first, that the ocean geostrophic currents beneath are negligible, and then including surface geostrophic ocean currents inferred from satellite altimetry. In this way maps of surface ocean stress in the SIZ are obtained. The maps are discussed and interpreted, and their importance in setting the circulation emphasised. Just as in parallel observational studies in the Arctic, we find that ocean currents significantly modify the stress field, the sense of the surface ageostrophic flow and thus pathways of exchange across the SIZ. Maps of Ekman pumping reveal broad patterns of upwelling within the SIZ enhanced near the sea ice edge, which are offset by strong narrow downwelling regions adjacent to the Antarctic continent.</jats:p> 2022-07-11T18:31:05Z 2022-07-11T18:31:05Z 2022-06-10 2022-07-11T18:08:57Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/143654 Ramadhan, Ali, Marshall, John, Meneghello, Gianluca, Illari, Lodovica and Speer, Kevin. 2022. "Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice." Frontiers in Marine Science, 9 (Frontiers in Marine Science). en 10.3389/fmars.2022.864808 Frontiers in Marine Science Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ application/pdf Frontiers Media SA Frontiers |
| spellingShingle | Ramadhan, Ali Marshall, John Meneghello, Gianluca Illari, Lodovica Speer, Kevin Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice |
| title | Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice |
| title_full | Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice |
| title_fullStr | Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice |
| title_short | Observations of Upwelling and Downwelling Around Antarctica Mediated by Sea Ice |
| title_sort | observations of upwelling and downwelling around antarctica mediated by sea ice |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/143654 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ramadhanali observationsofupwellinganddownwellingaroundantarcticamediatedbyseaice AT marshalljohn observationsofupwellinganddownwellingaroundantarcticamediatedbyseaice AT meneghellogianluca observationsofupwellinganddownwellingaroundantarcticamediatedbyseaice AT illarilodovica observationsofupwellinganddownwellingaroundantarcticamediatedbyseaice AT speerkevin observationsofupwellinganddownwellingaroundantarcticamediatedbyseaice |