Imaging Metasurfaces based on Graphene-Loaded Slot Antennas
© 2021 OSA - The Optical Society. All rights reserved. Spectral imagers, the classic example being the color camera, are ubiquitous in everyday life. However, most such imagers rely on filter arrays that absorb light outside each spectral channel, yielding ∼1/N efficiency for an N-channel imager. Th...
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Optical Society
2022
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/144025 |
| _version_ | 1826214065820663808 |
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| author | Goldstein, Jordan Englund, Dirk |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Research Laboratory of Electronics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Research Laboratory of Electronics Goldstein, Jordan Englund, Dirk |
| author_sort | Goldstein, Jordan |
| collection | MIT |
| description | © 2021 OSA - The Optical Society. All rights reserved. Spectral imagers, the classic example being the color camera, are ubiquitous in everyday life. However, most such imagers rely on filter arrays that absorb light outside each spectral channel, yielding ∼1/N efficiency for an N-channel imager. This is especially undesirable in thermal infrared (IR) wavelengths, where sensor detectivities are low. We propose an efficient and compact thermal infrared spectral imager comprising a metasurface composed of sub-wavelength-spaced, differently-Tuned slot antennas coupled to photosensitive elements. Here, we demonstrate this idea using graphene, which features a photoresponse up to thermal IR wavelengths. The combined antenna resonances yield broadband absorption in the graphene exceeding the 1/N efficiency limit. We establish a circuit model for the antennas optical properties and demonstrate consistency with full-wave simulations. We also theoretically demonstrate ∼58% free space-To-graphene photodetector coupling efficiency, averaged over the 1050 cm-1 to 1700 cm-1 wavenumber range, for a four-spectral-channel gold metasurface with a 0.883 μm by 6.0 μm antenna pitch. This research paves the way towards compact CMOS-integrable thermal IR spectral imagers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T15:59:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/144025 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T15:59:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | The Optical Society |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1440252023-02-14T20:21:58Z Imaging Metasurfaces based on Graphene-Loaded Slot Antennas Goldstein, Jordan Englund, Dirk Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Research Laboratory of Electronics © 2021 OSA - The Optical Society. All rights reserved. Spectral imagers, the classic example being the color camera, are ubiquitous in everyday life. However, most such imagers rely on filter arrays that absorb light outside each spectral channel, yielding ∼1/N efficiency for an N-channel imager. This is especially undesirable in thermal infrared (IR) wavelengths, where sensor detectivities are low. We propose an efficient and compact thermal infrared spectral imager comprising a metasurface composed of sub-wavelength-spaced, differently-Tuned slot antennas coupled to photosensitive elements. Here, we demonstrate this idea using graphene, which features a photoresponse up to thermal IR wavelengths. The combined antenna resonances yield broadband absorption in the graphene exceeding the 1/N efficiency limit. We establish a circuit model for the antennas optical properties and demonstrate consistency with full-wave simulations. We also theoretically demonstrate ∼58% free space-To-graphene photodetector coupling efficiency, averaged over the 1050 cm-1 to 1700 cm-1 wavenumber range, for a four-spectral-channel gold metasurface with a 0.883 μm by 6.0 μm antenna pitch. This research paves the way towards compact CMOS-integrable thermal IR spectral imagers. 2022-07-25T16:53:04Z 2022-07-25T16:53:04Z 2021 2022-07-25T16:47:29Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/144025 Goldstein, Jordan and Englund, Dirk. 2021. "Imaging Metasurfaces based on Graphene-Loaded Slot Antennas." Optics Express, 29 (2). en 10.1364/OE.415586 Optics Express Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf The Optical Society Optica Publishing Group |
| spellingShingle | Goldstein, Jordan Englund, Dirk Imaging Metasurfaces based on Graphene-Loaded Slot Antennas |
| title | Imaging Metasurfaces based on Graphene-Loaded Slot Antennas |
| title_full | Imaging Metasurfaces based on Graphene-Loaded Slot Antennas |
| title_fullStr | Imaging Metasurfaces based on Graphene-Loaded Slot Antennas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Imaging Metasurfaces based on Graphene-Loaded Slot Antennas |
| title_short | Imaging Metasurfaces based on Graphene-Loaded Slot Antennas |
| title_sort | imaging metasurfaces based on graphene loaded slot antennas |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/144025 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT goldsteinjordan imagingmetasurfacesbasedongrapheneloadedslotantennas AT englunddirk imagingmetasurfacesbasedongrapheneloadedslotantennas |