Combinatorial patterns of graded RhoA activation and uniform F-actin depletion promote tissue curvature
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title> <jats:p>During development, gene expression regulates cell mechanics and shape to sculpt tissues. Epithelial folding proceeds through distinct cell shape changes that occur simultaneously in different regions of a tissue. Here, usin...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Company of Biologists
2022
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/145675 |
| _version_ | 1826204121136365568 |
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| author | Denk-Lobnig, Marlis Totz, Jan F Heer, Natalie C Dunkel, Jörn Martin, Adam C |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mathematics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mathematics Denk-Lobnig, Marlis Totz, Jan F Heer, Natalie C Dunkel, Jörn Martin, Adam C |
| author_sort | Denk-Lobnig, Marlis |
| collection | MIT |
| description | <jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
<jats:p>During development, gene expression regulates cell mechanics and shape to sculpt tissues. Epithelial folding proceeds through distinct cell shape changes that occur simultaneously in different regions of a tissue. Here, using quantitative imaging in Drosophila melanogaster, we investigate how patterned cell shape changes promote tissue bending during early embryogenesis. We find that the transcription factors Twist and Snail combinatorially regulate a multicellular pattern of lateral F-actin density that differs from the previously described Myosin-2 gradient. This F-actin pattern correlates with whether cells apically constrict, stretch or maintain their shape. We show that the Myosin-2 gradient and F-actin depletion do not depend on force transmission, suggesting that transcriptional activity is required to create these patterns. The Myosin-2 gradient width results from a gradient in RhoA activation that is refined through the balance between RhoGEF2 and the RhoGAP C-GAP. Our experimental results and simulations of a 3D elastic shell model show that tuning gradient width regulates tissue curvature.</jats:p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:49:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/145675 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:49:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | The Company of Biologists |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1456752022-10-05T03:23:39Z Combinatorial patterns of graded RhoA activation and uniform F-actin depletion promote tissue curvature Denk-Lobnig, Marlis Totz, Jan F Heer, Natalie C Dunkel, Jörn Martin, Adam C Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mathematics <jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title> <jats:p>During development, gene expression regulates cell mechanics and shape to sculpt tissues. Epithelial folding proceeds through distinct cell shape changes that occur simultaneously in different regions of a tissue. Here, using quantitative imaging in Drosophila melanogaster, we investigate how patterned cell shape changes promote tissue bending during early embryogenesis. We find that the transcription factors Twist and Snail combinatorially regulate a multicellular pattern of lateral F-actin density that differs from the previously described Myosin-2 gradient. This F-actin pattern correlates with whether cells apically constrict, stretch or maintain their shape. We show that the Myosin-2 gradient and F-actin depletion do not depend on force transmission, suggesting that transcriptional activity is required to create these patterns. The Myosin-2 gradient width results from a gradient in RhoA activation that is refined through the balance between RhoGEF2 and the RhoGAP C-GAP. Our experimental results and simulations of a 3D elastic shell model show that tuning gradient width regulates tissue curvature.</jats:p> 2022-10-04T18:13:59Z 2022-10-04T18:13:59Z 2021 2022-10-04T18:06:35Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/145675 Denk-Lobnig, Marlis, Totz, Jan F, Heer, Natalie C, Dunkel, Jörn and Martin, Adam C. 2021. "Combinatorial patterns of graded RhoA activation and uniform F-actin depletion promote tissue curvature." Development, 148 (11). en 10.1242/DEV.199232 Development Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ application/pdf The Company of Biologists bioRxiv |
| spellingShingle | Denk-Lobnig, Marlis Totz, Jan F Heer, Natalie C Dunkel, Jörn Martin, Adam C Combinatorial patterns of graded RhoA activation and uniform F-actin depletion promote tissue curvature |
| title | Combinatorial patterns of graded RhoA activation and uniform F-actin depletion promote tissue curvature |
| title_full | Combinatorial patterns of graded RhoA activation and uniform F-actin depletion promote tissue curvature |
| title_fullStr | Combinatorial patterns of graded RhoA activation and uniform F-actin depletion promote tissue curvature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combinatorial patterns of graded RhoA activation and uniform F-actin depletion promote tissue curvature |
| title_short | Combinatorial patterns of graded RhoA activation and uniform F-actin depletion promote tissue curvature |
| title_sort | combinatorial patterns of graded rhoa activation and uniform f actin depletion promote tissue curvature |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/145675 |
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