TOI-2109: An Ultrahot Gas Giant on a 16 hr Orbit
We report the discovery of an ultrahot Jupiter with an extremely short orbital period of 0.67247414 ± 0.00000028 days (∼16 hr). The 1.347 ± 0.047 RJup planet, initially identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission, orbits TOI-2109 (TIC 392476080)—a Teff ∼ 6500 K F-type star...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Astronomical Society
2023
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/148520 |
| _version_ | 1826210481085349888 |
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| author | Seager, Sara |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Seager, Sara |
| author_sort | Seager, Sara |
| collection | MIT |
| description | We report the discovery of an ultrahot Jupiter with an extremely short orbital period of 0.67247414 ± 0.00000028 days (∼16 hr). The 1.347 ± 0.047 RJup planet, initially identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission, orbits TOI-2109 (TIC 392476080)—a Teff ∼ 6500 K F-type star with a mass of 1.447 ± 0.077 M☉, a radius of 1.698 ± 0.060 R☉, and a rotational velocity of $v\sin {i}_{* }=81.9\pm 1.7$ km s−1. The planetary nature of TOI-2109b was confirmed through radial-velocity measurements, which yielded a planet mass of 5.02 ± 0.75 MJup. Analysis of the Doppler shadow in spectroscopic transit observations indicates a well-aligned system, with a sky-projected obliquity of λ = 1fdg7 ± 1fdg7. From the TESS full-orbit light curve, we measured a secondary eclipse depth of 731 ± 46 ppm, as well as phase-curve variations from the planet's longitudinal brightness modulation and ellipsoidal distortion of the host star. Combining the TESS-band occultation measurement with a Ks-band secondary eclipse depth (2012 ± 80 ppm) derived from ground-based observations, we find that the dayside emission of TOI-2109b is consistent with a brightness temperature of 3631 ± 69 K, making it the second hottest exoplanet hitherto discovered. By virtue of its extreme irradiation and strong planet–star gravitational interaction, TOI-2109b is an exceptionally promising target for intensive follow-up studies using current and near-future telescope facilities to probe for orbital decay, detect tidally driven atmospheric escape, and assess the impacts of H2 dissociation and recombination on the global heat transport. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T14:50:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/148520 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T14:50:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | American Astronomical Society |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1485202023-03-14T03:12:16Z TOI-2109: An Ultrahot Gas Giant on a 16 hr Orbit Seager, Sara Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences We report the discovery of an ultrahot Jupiter with an extremely short orbital period of 0.67247414 ± 0.00000028 days (∼16 hr). The 1.347 ± 0.047 RJup planet, initially identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission, orbits TOI-2109 (TIC 392476080)—a Teff ∼ 6500 K F-type star with a mass of 1.447 ± 0.077 M☉, a radius of 1.698 ± 0.060 R☉, and a rotational velocity of $v\sin {i}_{* }=81.9\pm 1.7$ km s−1. The planetary nature of TOI-2109b was confirmed through radial-velocity measurements, which yielded a planet mass of 5.02 ± 0.75 MJup. Analysis of the Doppler shadow in spectroscopic transit observations indicates a well-aligned system, with a sky-projected obliquity of λ = 1fdg7 ± 1fdg7. From the TESS full-orbit light curve, we measured a secondary eclipse depth of 731 ± 46 ppm, as well as phase-curve variations from the planet's longitudinal brightness modulation and ellipsoidal distortion of the host star. Combining the TESS-band occultation measurement with a Ks-band secondary eclipse depth (2012 ± 80 ppm) derived from ground-based observations, we find that the dayside emission of TOI-2109b is consistent with a brightness temperature of 3631 ± 69 K, making it the second hottest exoplanet hitherto discovered. By virtue of its extreme irradiation and strong planet–star gravitational interaction, TOI-2109b is an exceptionally promising target for intensive follow-up studies using current and near-future telescope facilities to probe for orbital decay, detect tidally driven atmospheric escape, and assess the impacts of H2 dissociation and recombination on the global heat transport. 2023-03-13T17:25:47Z 2023-03-13T17:25:47Z 2021 2023-03-13T17:15:05Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/148520 Seager, Sara. 2021. "TOI-2109: An Ultrahot Gas Giant on a 16 hr Orbit." Astronomical Journal, 162 (6). en 10.3847/1538-3881/AC26BD Astronomical Journal Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ application/pdf American Astronomical Society arXiv |
| spellingShingle | Seager, Sara TOI-2109: An Ultrahot Gas Giant on a 16 hr Orbit |
| title | TOI-2109: An Ultrahot Gas Giant on a 16 hr Orbit |
| title_full | TOI-2109: An Ultrahot Gas Giant on a 16 hr Orbit |
| title_fullStr | TOI-2109: An Ultrahot Gas Giant on a 16 hr Orbit |
| title_full_unstemmed | TOI-2109: An Ultrahot Gas Giant on a 16 hr Orbit |
| title_short | TOI-2109: An Ultrahot Gas Giant on a 16 hr Orbit |
| title_sort | toi 2109 an ultrahot gas giant on a 16 hr orbit |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/148520 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT seagersara toi2109anultrahotgasgiantona16hrorbit |