No Free Lunch: Analyzing the Cost of Deep Decarbonizing Residential Heating Systems
IGSC '23: Proceedings of the 14th International Green and Sustainable Computing Conference October 28–29, 2023, Toronto, ON, Canada
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
ACM
2024
|
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/155200 |
| _version_ | 1824457856075694080 |
|---|---|
| author | Sitaraman, Anupama Bashir, Noman Irwin, David Shenoy, Prashant |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Sitaraman, Anupama Bashir, Noman Irwin, David Shenoy, Prashant |
| author_sort | Sitaraman, Anupama |
| collection | MIT |
| description | IGSC '23: Proceedings of the 14th International Green and Sustainable Computing Conference October 28–29, 2023, Toronto, ON, Canada |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T08:09:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/155200 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-19T04:16:38Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | ACM |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1552002024-12-23T06:30:02Z No Free Lunch: Analyzing the Cost of Deep Decarbonizing Residential Heating Systems Sitaraman, Anupama Bashir, Noman Irwin, David Shenoy, Prashant Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory IGSC '23: Proceedings of the 14th International Green and Sustainable Computing Conference October 28–29, 2023, Toronto, ON, Canada Recent studies have analyzed the carbon footprint of residential heating and proposed transitioning to electric heat pumps as an important step towards decarbonization. Electric heat pumps are more energy-efficient than gas furnaces and use electric grid power, which is generally less carbon-intensive than directly burning fossil fuels. The transition to electric heat pumps only solves half of the problem. Electric grids, in most parts of the world, are primarily powered by carbon-intensive fossil fuels and may never be completely carbon-free. Furthermore, the added electricity demand of heat pumps may trigger expensive upgrades in the electric grid. A deep decarbonization of residential heating can be achieved by using co-located solar photovoltaic (PV) systems with battery storage alongside heat pump retrofits. However, there is no free lunch and a deeper decarbonization comes at a significant cost. In this paper, we use data from 4,413 real-world homes to analyze the additional electricity demand due to heat pumps. We investigate the problem of sizing solar panels and storage to completely offset the added demand and investigate the tradeoff between cost and carbon emission reduction benefits. Our analysis suggests that co-located solar PV systems are an effective and carbon-free alternative to the power grid, and can reduce carbon emissions by at least 58%. 2024-06-05T16:39:31Z 2024-06-05T16:39:31Z 2023-10-28 2024-06-01T07:56:14Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper 979-8-4007-1669-0 https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/155200 Sitaraman, Anupama, Bashir, Noman, Irwin, David and Shenoy, Prashant. 2023. "No Free Lunch: Analyzing the Cost of Deep Decarbonizing Residential Heating Systems." PUBLISHER_POLICY en 10.1145/3634769.3634799 Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The author(s) application/pdf ACM Association for Computing Machinery |
| spellingShingle | Sitaraman, Anupama Bashir, Noman Irwin, David Shenoy, Prashant No Free Lunch: Analyzing the Cost of Deep Decarbonizing Residential Heating Systems |
| title | No Free Lunch: Analyzing the Cost of Deep Decarbonizing Residential Heating Systems |
| title_full | No Free Lunch: Analyzing the Cost of Deep Decarbonizing Residential Heating Systems |
| title_fullStr | No Free Lunch: Analyzing the Cost of Deep Decarbonizing Residential Heating Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | No Free Lunch: Analyzing the Cost of Deep Decarbonizing Residential Heating Systems |
| title_short | No Free Lunch: Analyzing the Cost of Deep Decarbonizing Residential Heating Systems |
| title_sort | no free lunch analyzing the cost of deep decarbonizing residential heating systems |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/155200 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sitaramananupama nofreelunchanalyzingthecostofdeepdecarbonizingresidentialheatingsystems AT bashirnoman nofreelunchanalyzingthecostofdeepdecarbonizingresidentialheatingsystems AT irwindavid nofreelunchanalyzingthecostofdeepdecarbonizingresidentialheatingsystems AT shenoyprashant nofreelunchanalyzingthecostofdeepdecarbonizingresidentialheatingsystems |