Imaging the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions and nuclear structure across the nuclide chart
High-energy nuclear collisions encompass three key stages: the structure of the colliding nuclei, informed by low-energy nuclear physics, the initial condition, leading to the formation of quark–gluon plasma (QGP), and the hydrodynamic expansion and hadronization of the QGP, leading to final-state h...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer Nature Singapore
2024
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/157891 |
| _version_ | 1824458373174657024 |
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| author | Jia, Jiangyong Giacalone, Giuliano Bally, Benjamin Brandenburg, James D. Heinz, Ulrich Huang, Shengli Lee, Dean Lee, Yen-Jie Loizides, Constantin Li, Wei Luzum, Matthew Nijs, Govert Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn Ploskon, Mateusz van der Schee, Wilke Schenke, Bjoern |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Jia, Jiangyong Giacalone, Giuliano Bally, Benjamin Brandenburg, James D. Heinz, Ulrich Huang, Shengli Lee, Dean Lee, Yen-Jie Loizides, Constantin Li, Wei Luzum, Matthew Nijs, Govert Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn Ploskon, Mateusz van der Schee, Wilke Schenke, Bjoern |
| author_sort | Jia, Jiangyong |
| collection | MIT |
| description | High-energy nuclear collisions encompass three key stages: the structure of the colliding nuclei, informed by low-energy nuclear physics, the initial condition, leading to the formation of quark–gluon plasma (QGP), and the hydrodynamic expansion and hadronization of the QGP, leading to final-state hadron distributions that are observed experimentally. Recent advances in both experimental and theoretical methods have ushered in a precision era of heavy-ion collisions, enabling an increasingly accurate understanding of these stages. However, most approaches involve simultaneously determining both QGP properties and initial conditions from a single collision system, creating complexity due to the coupled contributions of these stages to the final-state observables. To avoid this, we propose leveraging established knowledge of low-energy nuclear structures and hydrodynamic observables to independently constrain the QGP’s initial condition. By conducting comparative studies of collisions involving isobar-like nuclei—species with similar mass numbers but different ground-state geometries—we can disentangle the initial condition’s impacts from the QGP properties. This approach not only refines our understanding of the initial stages of the collisions but also turns high-energy nuclear experiments into a precision tool for imaging nuclear structures, offering insights that complement traditional low-energy approaches. Opportunities for carrying out such comparative experiments at the Large Hadron Collider and other facilities could significantly advance both high-energy and low-energy nuclear physics. Additionally, this approach has implications for the future electron-ion collider. While the possibilities are extensive, we focus on selected proposals that could benefit both the high-energy and low-energy nuclear physics communities. Originally prepared as input for the long-range plan of U.S. nuclear physics, this white paper reflects the status as of September 2022, with a brief update on developments since then. |
| first_indexed | 2025-02-19T04:24:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/157891 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-19T04:24:51Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Springer Nature Singapore |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/1578912025-01-03T04:17:56Z Imaging the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions and nuclear structure across the nuclide chart Jia, Jiangyong Giacalone, Giuliano Bally, Benjamin Brandenburg, James D. Heinz, Ulrich Huang, Shengli Lee, Dean Lee, Yen-Jie Loizides, Constantin Li, Wei Luzum, Matthew Nijs, Govert Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn Ploskon, Mateusz van der Schee, Wilke Schenke, Bjoern Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics High-energy nuclear collisions encompass three key stages: the structure of the colliding nuclei, informed by low-energy nuclear physics, the initial condition, leading to the formation of quark–gluon plasma (QGP), and the hydrodynamic expansion and hadronization of the QGP, leading to final-state hadron distributions that are observed experimentally. Recent advances in both experimental and theoretical methods have ushered in a precision era of heavy-ion collisions, enabling an increasingly accurate understanding of these stages. However, most approaches involve simultaneously determining both QGP properties and initial conditions from a single collision system, creating complexity due to the coupled contributions of these stages to the final-state observables. To avoid this, we propose leveraging established knowledge of low-energy nuclear structures and hydrodynamic observables to independently constrain the QGP’s initial condition. By conducting comparative studies of collisions involving isobar-like nuclei—species with similar mass numbers but different ground-state geometries—we can disentangle the initial condition’s impacts from the QGP properties. This approach not only refines our understanding of the initial stages of the collisions but also turns high-energy nuclear experiments into a precision tool for imaging nuclear structures, offering insights that complement traditional low-energy approaches. Opportunities for carrying out such comparative experiments at the Large Hadron Collider and other facilities could significantly advance both high-energy and low-energy nuclear physics. Additionally, this approach has implications for the future electron-ion collider. While the possibilities are extensive, we focus on selected proposals that could benefit both the high-energy and low-energy nuclear physics communities. Originally prepared as input for the long-range plan of U.S. nuclear physics, this white paper reflects the status as of September 2022, with a brief update on developments since then. 2024-12-18T21:06:39Z 2024-12-18T21:06:39Z 2024-12-11 2024-12-15T04:17:00Z Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/157891 Jia, J., Giacalone, G., Bally, B. et al. Imaging the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions and nuclear structure across the nuclide chart. NUCL SCI TECH 35, 220 (2024). PUBLISHER_CC en https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-024-01589-w Nuclear Science and Techniques Creative Commons Attribution https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Author(s) application/pdf Springer Nature Singapore Springer Nature Singapore |
| spellingShingle | Jia, Jiangyong Giacalone, Giuliano Bally, Benjamin Brandenburg, James D. Heinz, Ulrich Huang, Shengli Lee, Dean Lee, Yen-Jie Loizides, Constantin Li, Wei Luzum, Matthew Nijs, Govert Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn Ploskon, Mateusz van der Schee, Wilke Schenke, Bjoern Imaging the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions and nuclear structure across the nuclide chart |
| title | Imaging the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions and nuclear structure across the nuclide chart |
| title_full | Imaging the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions and nuclear structure across the nuclide chart |
| title_fullStr | Imaging the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions and nuclear structure across the nuclide chart |
| title_full_unstemmed | Imaging the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions and nuclear structure across the nuclide chart |
| title_short | Imaging the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions and nuclear structure across the nuclide chart |
| title_sort | imaging the initial condition of heavy ion collisions and nuclear structure across the nuclide chart |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/157891 |
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