The Attentional Blink Reveals Serial Working Memory Encoding: Evidence from Virtual and Human Event-related Potentials
Observers often miss a second target (T2) if it follows an identified first target item (T1) within half a second in rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP), a finding termed the attentional blink. If two targets are presented in immediate succession, however, accuracy is excellent (Lag 1 sparin...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en_US |
| Published: |
MIT Press with the Cognitive Neuroscience Institute
2011
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/64466 |
| _version_ | 1826190024052310016 |
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| author | Craston, Patrick Wyble, Brad Chennu, Srivas Bowman, Howard |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Craston, Patrick Wyble, Brad Chennu, Srivas Bowman, Howard |
| author_sort | Craston, Patrick |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Observers often miss a second target (T2) if it follows an
identified first target item (T1) within half a second in rapid serial
visual presentation (RSVP), a finding termed the attentional
blink. If two targets are presented in immediate succession,
however, accuracy is excellent (Lag 1 sparing). The resource
sharing hypothesis proposes a dynamic distribution of resources
over a time span of up to 600 msec during the attentional blink.
In contrast, the ST2 model argues that working memory encoding
is serial during the attentional blink and that, due to joint
consolidation, Lag 1 is the only case where resources are shared.
Experiment 1 investigates the P3 ERP component evoked by targets
in RSVP. The results suggest that, in this context, P3 amplitude is an indication of bottom–up strength rather than a measure of cognitive resource allocation. Experiment 2, employing
a two-target paradigm, suggests that T1 consolidation is
not affected by the presentation of T2 during the attentional
blink. However, if targets are presented in immediate succession
(Lag 1 sparing), they are jointly encoded into working memory.
We use the ST2 model’s neural network implementation, which
replicates a range of behavioral results related to the attentional
blink, to generate ‘‘virtual ERPs’’ by summing across activation
traces. We compare virtual to human ERPs and show how the
results suggest a serial nature of working memory encoding as
implied by the ST2 model. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T08:33:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/64466 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T08:33:51Z |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publisher | MIT Press with the Cognitive Neuroscience Institute |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/644662022-09-23T12:54:52Z The Attentional Blink Reveals Serial Working Memory Encoding: Evidence from Virtual and Human Event-related Potentials Craston, Patrick Wyble, Brad Chennu, Srivas Bowman, Howard Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Wyble, Brad Wyble, Brad Observers often miss a second target (T2) if it follows an identified first target item (T1) within half a second in rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP), a finding termed the attentional blink. If two targets are presented in immediate succession, however, accuracy is excellent (Lag 1 sparing). The resource sharing hypothesis proposes a dynamic distribution of resources over a time span of up to 600 msec during the attentional blink. In contrast, the ST2 model argues that working memory encoding is serial during the attentional blink and that, due to joint consolidation, Lag 1 is the only case where resources are shared. Experiment 1 investigates the P3 ERP component evoked by targets in RSVP. The results suggest that, in this context, P3 amplitude is an indication of bottom–up strength rather than a measure of cognitive resource allocation. Experiment 2, employing a two-target paradigm, suggests that T1 consolidation is not affected by the presentation of T2 during the attentional blink. However, if targets are presented in immediate succession (Lag 1 sparing), they are jointly encoded into working memory. We use the ST2 model’s neural network implementation, which replicates a range of behavioral results related to the attentional blink, to generate ‘‘virtual ERPs’’ by summing across activation traces. We compare virtual to human ERPs and show how the results suggest a serial nature of working memory encoding as implied by the ST2 model. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (grant number GR/S15075/01) Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (Doctoral Training Account award) 2011-06-16T19:35:18Z 2011-06-16T19:35:18Z 2009-03 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 0898-929X 1530-8898 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/64466 Craston, Patrick et al. "The Attentional Blink Reveals Serial Working Memory Encoding: Evidence from Virtual and Human Event-related Potentials." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21:3, pp. 550–566. © 2009 The MIT Press. en_US http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/jocn.2009.21036 Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf MIT Press with the Cognitive Neuroscience Institute MIT Press |
| spellingShingle | Craston, Patrick Wyble, Brad Chennu, Srivas Bowman, Howard The Attentional Blink Reveals Serial Working Memory Encoding: Evidence from Virtual and Human Event-related Potentials |
| title | The Attentional Blink Reveals Serial Working Memory Encoding: Evidence from Virtual and Human Event-related Potentials |
| title_full | The Attentional Blink Reveals Serial Working Memory Encoding: Evidence from Virtual and Human Event-related Potentials |
| title_fullStr | The Attentional Blink Reveals Serial Working Memory Encoding: Evidence from Virtual and Human Event-related Potentials |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Attentional Blink Reveals Serial Working Memory Encoding: Evidence from Virtual and Human Event-related Potentials |
| title_short | The Attentional Blink Reveals Serial Working Memory Encoding: Evidence from Virtual and Human Event-related Potentials |
| title_sort | attentional blink reveals serial working memory encoding evidence from virtual and human event related potentials |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/64466 |
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