Dilution and resonance-enhanced repulsion in nonequilibrium fluctuation forces
In equilibrium, forces induced by fluctuations of the electromagnetic field between electrically polarizable objects (microscopic or macroscopic) in vacuum are generically attractive. The force may, however, become repulsive for microscopic particles coupled to thermal baths with different temperatu...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en_US |
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American Physical Society (APS)
2012
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69130 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1112-5912 |
| _version_ | 1826205189754847232 |
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| author | Bimonte, Giuseppe Emig, Thorsten Krueger, Matthias Helmut Guenter Kardar, Mehran |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Bimonte, Giuseppe Emig, Thorsten Krueger, Matthias Helmut Guenter Kardar, Mehran |
| author_sort | Bimonte, Giuseppe |
| collection | MIT |
| description | In equilibrium, forces induced by fluctuations of the electromagnetic field between electrically polarizable objects (microscopic or macroscopic) in vacuum are generically attractive. The force may, however, become repulsive for microscopic particles coupled to thermal baths with different temperatures. We demonstrate that this nonequilibrium repulsion can be realized also between macroscopic objects, as planar slabs, if they are kept at different temperatures. It is shown that repulsion can be enhanced by (i) tuning of material resonances in the thermal region and by (ii) reducing the dielectric contrast due to “dilution.” This can lead to stable equilibrium positions. We discuss the realization of these effects for aerogels, yielding repulsion down to submicron distances at realistic porosities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T13:08:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/69130 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T13:08:46Z |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publisher | American Physical Society (APS) |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/691302022-10-01T13:17:13Z Dilution and resonance-enhanced repulsion in nonequilibrium fluctuation forces Bimonte, Giuseppe Emig, Thorsten Krueger, Matthias Helmut Guenter Kardar, Mehran Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Kardar, Mehran Krueger, Matthias Helmut Guenter Kardar, Mehran In equilibrium, forces induced by fluctuations of the electromagnetic field between electrically polarizable objects (microscopic or macroscopic) in vacuum are generically attractive. The force may, however, become repulsive for microscopic particles coupled to thermal baths with different temperatures. We demonstrate that this nonequilibrium repulsion can be realized also between macroscopic objects, as planar slabs, if they are kept at different temperatures. It is shown that repulsion can be enhanced by (i) tuning of material resonances in the thermal region and by (ii) reducing the dielectric contrast due to “dilution.” This can lead to stable equilibrium positions. We discuss the realization of these effects for aerogels, yielding repulsion down to submicron distances at realistic porosities. European Science Foundation. Research Network CASIMIR United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Contract No. S-000354) Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (Grant No. KR 3844/1-1) National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant No. DMR-08-03315) 2012-02-16T18:30:32Z 2012-02-16T18:30:32Z 2011-10 2011-07 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 1050-2947 1094-1622 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69130 Bimonte, Giuseppe et al. “Dilution and Resonance-enhanced Repulsion in Nonequilibrium Fluctuation Forces.” Physical Review A 84.4 (2011): n. pag. Web. 16 Feb. 2012. © 2011 American Physical Society https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1112-5912 en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.84.042503 Physical Review A Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf American Physical Society (APS) APS |
| spellingShingle | Bimonte, Giuseppe Emig, Thorsten Krueger, Matthias Helmut Guenter Kardar, Mehran Dilution and resonance-enhanced repulsion in nonequilibrium fluctuation forces |
| title | Dilution and resonance-enhanced repulsion in nonequilibrium fluctuation forces |
| title_full | Dilution and resonance-enhanced repulsion in nonequilibrium fluctuation forces |
| title_fullStr | Dilution and resonance-enhanced repulsion in nonequilibrium fluctuation forces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dilution and resonance-enhanced repulsion in nonequilibrium fluctuation forces |
| title_short | Dilution and resonance-enhanced repulsion in nonequilibrium fluctuation forces |
| title_sort | dilution and resonance enhanced repulsion in nonequilibrium fluctuation forces |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69130 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1112-5912 |
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