Adapting to Climate Change: The Remarkable Decline in the U.S. Temperature-Mortality Relationship over the 20th Century
Adaptation is the only strategy that is guaranteed to be part of the world's climate strategy. Using the most comprehensive set of data files ever compiled on mortality and its determinants over the course of the 20th century, this paper makes two primary discoveries. First, we find that the mo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | en_US |
| Published: |
MIT CEEPR
2013
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76236 |
| _version_ | 1811075777450475520 |
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| author | Barreca, Alan Clay, Karen Deschênes, Olivier Greenstone, Michael Shapiro, Joseph |
| author_facet | Barreca, Alan Clay, Karen Deschênes, Olivier Greenstone, Michael Shapiro, Joseph |
| author_sort | Barreca, Alan |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Adaptation is the only strategy that is guaranteed to be part of the world's climate strategy. Using the most comprehensive set of data files ever compiled on mortality and its determinants over the course of the 20th century, this paper makes two primary discoveries. First, we find that the mortality effect of an extremely hot day declined by about 80% between 1900–1959 and 1960–2004. As a consequence, days with temperatures exceeding 90°F were responsible for about 600 premature fatalities annually in the 1960–2004 period, compared to the approximately 3,600 premature fatalities that would have occurred if the temperature-mortality relationship from before 1960 still prevailed. Second, the adoption of residential air conditioning (AC) explains essentially the entire decline in the temperature-mortality relationship. In contrast, increased access to electricity and health care seem not to affect mortality on extremely hot days. Residential AC appears to be both the most promising technology to help poor countries mitigate the temperature related mortality impacts of climate change and, because fossil fuels are the least expensive source of energy, a technology whose proliferation will speed up the rate of climate change. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:11:43Z |
| format | Working Paper |
| id | mit-1721.1/76236 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T10:11:43Z |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publisher | MIT CEEPR |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/762362019-04-12T21:31:01Z Adapting to Climate Change: The Remarkable Decline in the U.S. Temperature-Mortality Relationship over the 20th Century Barreca, Alan Clay, Karen Deschênes, Olivier Greenstone, Michael Shapiro, Joseph Adaptation is the only strategy that is guaranteed to be part of the world's climate strategy. Using the most comprehensive set of data files ever compiled on mortality and its determinants over the course of the 20th century, this paper makes two primary discoveries. First, we find that the mortality effect of an extremely hot day declined by about 80% between 1900–1959 and 1960–2004. As a consequence, days with temperatures exceeding 90°F were responsible for about 600 premature fatalities annually in the 1960–2004 period, compared to the approximately 3,600 premature fatalities that would have occurred if the temperature-mortality relationship from before 1960 still prevailed. Second, the adoption of residential air conditioning (AC) explains essentially the entire decline in the temperature-mortality relationship. In contrast, increased access to electricity and health care seem not to affect mortality on extremely hot days. Residential AC appears to be both the most promising technology to help poor countries mitigate the temperature related mortality impacts of climate change and, because fossil fuels are the least expensive source of energy, a technology whose proliferation will speed up the rate of climate change. 2013-01-09T22:19:05Z 2013-01-09T22:19:05Z 2012-01 Working Paper http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76236 WP-2013-003 en_US Working Papers;2013-003 An error occurred on the license name. An error occurred getting the license - uri. application/pdf MIT CEEPR |
| spellingShingle | Barreca, Alan Clay, Karen Deschênes, Olivier Greenstone, Michael Shapiro, Joseph Adapting to Climate Change: The Remarkable Decline in the U.S. Temperature-Mortality Relationship over the 20th Century |
| title | Adapting to Climate Change: The Remarkable Decline in the U.S. Temperature-Mortality Relationship over the 20th Century |
| title_full | Adapting to Climate Change: The Remarkable Decline in the U.S. Temperature-Mortality Relationship over the 20th Century |
| title_fullStr | Adapting to Climate Change: The Remarkable Decline in the U.S. Temperature-Mortality Relationship over the 20th Century |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adapting to Climate Change: The Remarkable Decline in the U.S. Temperature-Mortality Relationship over the 20th Century |
| title_short | Adapting to Climate Change: The Remarkable Decline in the U.S. Temperature-Mortality Relationship over the 20th Century |
| title_sort | adapting to climate change the remarkable decline in the u s temperature mortality relationship over the 20th century |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76236 |
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