Evolution of oceanic margins : rifting in the Gulf of California and sediment diapirism and mantle hydration during subduction
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2013.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | eng |
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2013
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82316 |
| _version_ | 1826218067601915904 |
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| author | Miller, Nathaniel Clark |
| author2 | Daniel Lizarralde. |
| author_facet | Daniel Lizarralde. Miller, Nathaniel Clark |
| author_sort | Miller, Nathaniel Clark |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2013. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T17:13:38Z |
| format | Thesis |
| id | mit-1721.1/82316 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T17:13:38Z |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publisher | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/823162019-04-12T20:25:13Z Evolution of oceanic margins : rifting in the Gulf of California and sediment diapirism and mantle hydration during subduction Miller, Nathaniel Clark Daniel Lizarralde. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering. Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Rifts (Geology) Continental margins Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2013. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references. This thesis investigates three processes that control the evolution of oceanic margins. Chapter 2 presents seismic images of a ~2-km-thick evaporite body in Guaymas Basin, central Gulf of California. In rifts, evaporites form under conditions unique to the latest stages of continental rupture, and the presence, age, thickness, and shape place new constraints on the history of early rifting there. Chapter 3 presents numerical experiments that show that diapirs can form in sediments on the down-going plate in subduction zones and rise into the mantle wedge, delivering the sedimentary component widely observed in arc magmas. Chapter 4 presents measurements of seismic anisotropy from wide-angle, active-source data from the Middle America Trench that address the hypothesis that the upper mantle is hydrated by seawater flowing along outer-rise normal faults. These measurements indicate that the upper mantle is ~1.57 to 6.89% anisotropic, and this anisotropy can be attributed to bending-related faulting and an inherited mantle fabric. Accounting for anisotropy reduces previous estimates for the amount of water stored in the upper mantle of the down-going plate from ~2.5 to 1.5 wt%, a significant change in subduction zone water budgets. by Nathaniel Clark Miller. Ph.D. 2013-11-18T19:07:55Z 2013-11-18T19:07:55Z 2013 2013 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82316 861615510 eng M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission. http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582 112 p. application/pdf n-us-ca Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| spellingShingle | Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering. Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Rifts (Geology) Continental margins Miller, Nathaniel Clark Evolution of oceanic margins : rifting in the Gulf of California and sediment diapirism and mantle hydration during subduction |
| title | Evolution of oceanic margins : rifting in the Gulf of California and sediment diapirism and mantle hydration during subduction |
| title_full | Evolution of oceanic margins : rifting in the Gulf of California and sediment diapirism and mantle hydration during subduction |
| title_fullStr | Evolution of oceanic margins : rifting in the Gulf of California and sediment diapirism and mantle hydration during subduction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution of oceanic margins : rifting in the Gulf of California and sediment diapirism and mantle hydration during subduction |
| title_short | Evolution of oceanic margins : rifting in the Gulf of California and sediment diapirism and mantle hydration during subduction |
| title_sort | evolution of oceanic margins rifting in the gulf of california and sediment diapirism and mantle hydration during subduction |
| topic | Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering. Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Rifts (Geology) Continental margins |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82316 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT millernathanielclark evolutionofoceanicmarginsriftinginthegulfofcaliforniaandsedimentdiapirismandmantlehydrationduringsubduction |