SnapShot: DNA Polymerases I Prokaryotes
The nucleus and mitochondria of eukaryote cells and the nucleoid of prokaryote cells contain remarkable enzymes, called DNA polymerases, which ensure the faithful duplication of genetic material. These enzymatic machines incorporate the building blocks of DNA, deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTP...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en_US |
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Elsevier B.V.
2014
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85545 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7243-8261 |
| _version_ | 1811094437575524352 |
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| author | Foti, James J. Walker, Graham C. |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology Foti, James J. Walker, Graham C. |
| author_sort | Foti, James J. |
| collection | MIT |
| description | The nucleus and mitochondria of eukaryote cells and the nucleoid of prokaryote cells contain remarkable enzymes, called DNA polymerases, which ensure the faithful duplication of genetic material. These enzymatic machines incorporate the building blocks of DNA, deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs), into growing polynucleotide chains. The error rate of these enzymes is astonishingly low with only ~1 error for every 10 [superscript 9]–10[superscript 10] bases replicated. The first safeguard contributing to this low error rate is the ability of the DNA polymerase to discriminate among incoming dNTPs based on their complementarity to a parental DNA template. However, in the event of misincorporation, many DNA polymerases also have associated “proof-reading” activities that remove an inappropriately added dNTP, thus providing a second safeguard to protect the integrity of the genome. Moreover, cells use a variety of DNA polymerases, called translesion DNA polymerases, whose sole function is to enable recovery from specific genetic insults by endogenous and exogenous mutagens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T16:00:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/85545 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T16:00:03Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Elsevier B.V. |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/855452022-10-02T05:38:43Z SnapShot: DNA Polymerases I Prokaryotes Foti, James J. Walker, Graham C. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology Walker, Graham C. Foti, James J. The nucleus and mitochondria of eukaryote cells and the nucleoid of prokaryote cells contain remarkable enzymes, called DNA polymerases, which ensure the faithful duplication of genetic material. These enzymatic machines incorporate the building blocks of DNA, deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs), into growing polynucleotide chains. The error rate of these enzymes is astonishingly low with only ~1 error for every 10 [superscript 9]–10[superscript 10] bases replicated. The first safeguard contributing to this low error rate is the ability of the DNA polymerase to discriminate among incoming dNTPs based on their complementarity to a parental DNA template. However, in the event of misincorporation, many DNA polymerases also have associated “proof-reading” activities that remove an inappropriately added dNTP, thus providing a second safeguard to protect the integrity of the genome. Moreover, cells use a variety of DNA polymerases, called translesion DNA polymerases, whose sole function is to enable recovery from specific genetic insults by endogenous and exogenous mutagens. 2014-03-06T18:58:07Z 2014-03-06T18:58:07Z 2010-04 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 00928674 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85545 Foti, James J., and Graham C. Walker. “SnapShot: DNA Polymerases I Prokaryotes.” Cell 141, no. 1 (April 2010): 192–192.e1. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7243-8261 en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2010.03.024 Cell Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. application/pdf Elsevier B.V. Elsevier Open Archive |
| spellingShingle | Foti, James J. Walker, Graham C. SnapShot: DNA Polymerases I Prokaryotes |
| title | SnapShot: DNA Polymerases I Prokaryotes |
| title_full | SnapShot: DNA Polymerases I Prokaryotes |
| title_fullStr | SnapShot: DNA Polymerases I Prokaryotes |
| title_full_unstemmed | SnapShot: DNA Polymerases I Prokaryotes |
| title_short | SnapShot: DNA Polymerases I Prokaryotes |
| title_sort | snapshot dna polymerases i prokaryotes |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85545 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7243-8261 |
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