Solving the corner-turning problem for large interferometers
The so-called corner-turning problem is a major bottleneck for radio telescopes with large numbers of antennas. The problem is essentially that of rapidly transposing a matrix that is too large to store on one single device; in radio interferometry, it occurs because data from each antenna need to b...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | en_US |
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Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society
2014
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/88569 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-7190 |
| _version_ | 1826215395749527552 |
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| author | Lutomirski, Andrew Michael Tegmark, Max Erik Sanchez, Nevada J. Stein, Leo C. Urry, W. Lynn Zaldarriaga, Matias |
| author2 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics |
| author_facet | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Lutomirski, Andrew Michael Tegmark, Max Erik Sanchez, Nevada J. Stein, Leo C. Urry, W. Lynn Zaldarriaga, Matias |
| author_sort | Lutomirski, Andrew Michael |
| collection | MIT |
| description | The so-called corner-turning problem is a major bottleneck for radio telescopes with large numbers of antennas. The problem is essentially that of rapidly transposing a matrix that is too large to store on one single device; in radio interferometry, it occurs because data from each antenna need to be routed to an array of processors each of which will handle a limited portion of the data (say, a frequency range) but requires input from each antenna. We present a low-cost solution allowing the correlator to transpose its data in real time, without contending for bandwidth, via a butterfly network requiring neither additional RAM memory nor expensive general-purpose switching hardware. We discuss possible implementations of this using FPGA, CMOS, analog logic and optical technology, and conclude that the corner-turner cost can be small even for upcoming massive radio arrays. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T16:27:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | mit-1721.1/88569 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | en_US |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T16:27:58Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/885692022-10-02T08:02:17Z Solving the corner-turning problem for large interferometers Lutomirski, Andrew Michael Tegmark, Max Erik Sanchez, Nevada J. Stein, Leo C. Urry, W. Lynn Zaldarriaga, Matias Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics Lutomirski, Andrew Michael Tegmark, Max Erik Sanchez, Nevada J. Stein, Leo C. The so-called corner-turning problem is a major bottleneck for radio telescopes with large numbers of antennas. The problem is essentially that of rapidly transposing a matrix that is too large to store on one single device; in radio interferometry, it occurs because data from each antenna need to be routed to an array of processors each of which will handle a limited portion of the data (say, a frequency range) but requires input from each antenna. We present a low-cost solution allowing the correlator to transpose its data in real time, without contending for bandwidth, via a butterfly network requiring neither additional RAM memory nor expensive general-purpose switching hardware. We discuss possible implementations of this using FPGA, CMOS, analog logic and optical technology, and conclude that the corner-turner cost can be small even for upcoming massive radio arrays. David & Lucile Packard Foundation United States. Dept. of Defense (National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship) National Science Foundation (U.S.) (NSF Grant No. AST-0607597) National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant No. AST-0708534) National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant No. AST- 0907969) National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant No. AST-0908848) National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant No. PHY-0855425) United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA grant NAG5-11099) United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA grant NNG 05G40G) 2014-08-07T13:47:14Z 2014-08-07T13:47:14Z 2011-01 2010-08 Article http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle 00358711 http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/88569 Lutomirski, Andrew, Max Tegmark, Nevada J. Sanchez, Leo C. Stein, W. Lynn Urry, and Matias Zaldarriaga. “Solving the Corner-Turning Problem for Large Interferometers.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 410:3 (January 21, 2011): p.2075-2080. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-7190 en_US http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17587.x Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ application/pdf Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society arXiv |
| spellingShingle | Lutomirski, Andrew Michael Tegmark, Max Erik Sanchez, Nevada J. Stein, Leo C. Urry, W. Lynn Zaldarriaga, Matias Solving the corner-turning problem for large interferometers |
| title | Solving the corner-turning problem for large interferometers |
| title_full | Solving the corner-turning problem for large interferometers |
| title_fullStr | Solving the corner-turning problem for large interferometers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Solving the corner-turning problem for large interferometers |
| title_short | Solving the corner-turning problem for large interferometers |
| title_sort | solving the corner turning problem for large interferometers |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/88569 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-7190 |
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