Evaluation of innovative decentralized sanitation technologies in Ghana
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2014.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | eng |
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2014
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90023 |
| _version_ | 1826204433358258176 |
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| author | Knutson, Jason R. (Jason Richard) |
| author2 | Susan Murcott. |
| author_facet | Susan Murcott. Knutson, Jason R. (Jason Richard) |
| author_sort | Knutson, Jason R. (Jason Richard) |
| collection | MIT |
| description | Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2014. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:54:59Z |
| format | Thesis |
| id | mit-1721.1/90023 |
| institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-23T12:54:59Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | mit-1721.1/900232019-04-12T20:55:13Z Evaluation of innovative decentralized sanitation technologies in Ghana Knutson, Jason R. (Jason Richard) Susan Murcott. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Civil and Environmental Engineering. Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2014. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references (pages 133-137). It is estimated that 2.5 billion people lack access to improved sanitation, and 90% of wastewater in developing countries is discharged into the environment without any treatment. However, the construction of sewerage systems and centralized wastewater treatment plants is neither an affordable nor appropriate solution for many areas. Therefore, an emphasis has arisen on decentralized sanitation technologies that treat waste on-site and recover resources that can be used to generate economic gains. Using a case study method and an evaluation matrix, this thesis evaluates the efficacy and scalability of several such innovative sanitation technologies. The decentralized technologies evaluated include the Clean Team Toilet, Microbial Fuel Cell Latrine, Biofil Toilet, Microflush Toilet, and the more traditional pour-flush toilet. Two semi-centralized technologies, the IMWI Fortifer pellets and Ashesi University's small-scale wastewater treatment system with anaerobic digestion, were studied as well. Case studies of these technologies were conducted in January 2014 in Ghana and involved surveys of users and interviews of service providers and their competition where possible. The evaluations were completed using this information and were guided by criteria on sanitation outcomes, business management, and technology categories. We conclude that the Biofil Toilet is the current gold standard for decentralized sanitation, although it is costly. The locally sourced Microflush Toilet is recommended for middle- and low-income families and small aid projects, for it functions similarly to the Biofil Toilet but is approximately one-fifth the cost. For large projects in densely populated areas, the Clean Team Toilet is recommended if a reuse for waste and safe disposal of biocide can be established. Other technologies require further development before they can be recommended for implementation and use. by Jason R. Knutson. M. Eng. 2014-09-19T21:35:02Z 2014-09-19T21:35:02Z 2014 2014 Thesis http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90023 890137679 eng M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission. http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582 156 pages application/pdf f-gh--- Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| spellingShingle | Civil and Environmental Engineering. Knutson, Jason R. (Jason Richard) Evaluation of innovative decentralized sanitation technologies in Ghana |
| title | Evaluation of innovative decentralized sanitation technologies in Ghana |
| title_full | Evaluation of innovative decentralized sanitation technologies in Ghana |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of innovative decentralized sanitation technologies in Ghana |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of innovative decentralized sanitation technologies in Ghana |
| title_short | Evaluation of innovative decentralized sanitation technologies in Ghana |
| title_sort | evaluation of innovative decentralized sanitation technologies in ghana |
| topic | Civil and Environmental Engineering. |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90023 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT knutsonjasonrjasonrichard evaluationofinnovativedecentralizedsanitationtechnologiesinghana |